Harmful practices in the management of childhood diarrhea in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Carter, Emily D; Bryce, Jennifer; Perin, Jamie; Newby, Holly

doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2127-1

Cited by 47 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…In relation to managing the diarrhoeal disease, the respondents indicated that Oral Rehydration Salts is mostly used to manage diarrhoea either by prescription from the health professional or through self-medication; which entails buying from drug selling points. Nevertheless, ORS on its own cannot control stomach bugs such that the need to take it concurrently with antibiotics especially during persistent diarhoea cannot Binali et al 27 be overemphasised (Carter et al, 2015). Relatedly, 69% of the respondents indicated that ORS is a common remedy which is used to manage the diarrhoea condition.…”

Section: Management Of Diarrhoea Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of antimicrobial use in diarrhoea management among under-five children in Zomba, Malawi

Binali¹,

Musaya²,

Lampiao³

2019

J. Microbiol. Antimicrob.

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Diarrhoea is one of the most common infections that under-five children suffer from across the world. Antibiotics remains one of the common measures used to treat the infection, which has led to increased usage; nevertheless, the extent to which an individual is prompted to use antibiotics in managing diarrhoea in the Malawian setting is not clearly known. This study was aimed at establishing the factors that prompt mothers/caregivers to use antibiotics in treating childhood diarrhoea. Women/caregivers with under-five children who suffered from diarrhoea two weeks before the study were recruited for the interviews (n=269). One-on-one interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire and two focus group discussions were carried out to generate qualitative data. Quantitative data was entered in CSPro version 7 and exported to STATA version 12 for analysis. The study established that caregivers use antibiotics in managing diarrhoea due to long distances to the health facility (OR 1.93, 95% CI: 1.03-3.65; P<0.04), unavailability of drugs at the facility (OR 1.12, 95% CI: 0.60-2.10; P<.71), quality of medical care at the health facility (OR 1.11, 95% CI: 0.57-2.15; P<.75) and previous knowledge of the diarrhoea condition (OR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.49-1.66; P<.74). As a result of these findings, Government of Malawi should consider widening access to health facilities to its citizens such that citizens are encouraged to always visit the healthy facilities. Healthy professionals should always encourage caregivers to refrain from engaging in self-medicational behavior as it has devastating effects on increased drug usage which contributes to anti-microbial resistance.

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Section: Management Of Diarrhoea Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of antimicrobial use in diarrhoea management among under-five children in Zomba, Malawi

Binali¹,

Musaya²,

Lampiao³

2019

J. Microbiol. Antimicrob.

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“…We did not focus specifically on patients but on the general population. We excluded respondents who were unable to participate in the study after two attempts to arrange an interview, and we excluded adolescents and children because adults typically acquire and administer antibiotics on together with or on behalf of children [21].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outputs, Outcomes, and Behavioural Impacts of an Antibiotic-Related Educational Activity in Lao PDR

Haenssgen¹,

Xayavong²,

Charoenboon³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Education and awareness raising are the primary tools of global health policy to change public behaviour. Considering the limitations of awareness agenda and the lack of social research to inform alternative approaches, our objective was to generate new empirical evidence on the consequences of antibiotic-related awareness raising in a low-income country context. We implemented an educational activity in two Lao villages to share general antibiotic-related messages, but also to learn about people’s conceptions and health behaviours. Two rounds of census survey data enabled us to assess the activity’s outputs, its knowledge outcomes, and its immediate behavioural impacts in a difference-in-difference design. Our panel data covered 1,130 adults over two rounds, including 58 activity participants and 208 villagers exposed indirectly via conversations in the village. We found that activity-related communication circulated among more privileged groups, which limited its indirect effects. Among participants, the activity influenced the awareness and understanding of “drug resistance,” while effects on attitudes were minor. Evidence on behavioural impacts was sparse and mixed, but the range of possible consequences included a disproportionate uptake of antibiotics from formal healthcare providers. Our study casts doubt on the continued dominance of awareness raising as a behavioural tool to address antibiotic resistance.

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“…Carter et al (15) afirman que las prácticas nocivas en el manejo de la diarrea infantil están asociadas con resultados negativos en su salud. Estas prácticas incluyen la restricción de líquidos, la leche materna y/o la ingesta de alimentos durante los episodios de diarrea y el uso incorrecto de los medicamentos modernos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Carter et al (15) revisaron 114 artículos publicados en idioma inglés desde 1990 para evaluar la prevalencia documentada de prácticas, creencias, motivaciones y factores contextuales relacionados en países con ingresos bajos y medios. Encontraron que en el 69 % de los artículos se describe al menos una práctica perjudicial y en el 31 % se informa sobre creencias y motivaciones nocivas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Conductas, actitudes y prácticas de la madre o cuidador en el manejo de la enfermedad diarreica aguda en menores de cinco años

Gallardo-Lizarazo

2015

rev. cienc. cuidad.

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Objetivo: determinar las creencias de la madre y del cuidador sobre el manejo de la enfermedad diarreica aguda en menores de 5 años de edad en la ciudad de Bucaramanga en el año 2015. Materiales y Métodos: la investigación se enmarca en el paradigma cuantitativo mediante el desarrollo de estudio descriptivo de corte transversal; se encuestaron 200 madres o cuidadores de menores de cinco años en la ciudad de Bucaramanga, seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado con afijación proporcional, confiabilidad 95% y margen de error de 7%. Para la recolección de la información se empleó una encuesta elaborada por la autora con validación estadística y por expertos. Resultados: se obtiene información sobre conocimientos y tradiciones acerca del manejo de la diarrea y la identificación de los signos de deshidratación por parte de los cuidadores, que son analizados en comparación con sus características sociales y culturales. Conclusiones: en Bucaramanga, madres y cuidadores de menores de cinco años, continúan la tradición familiar en lo referente a identificación de signos de deshidratación y costumbres en el manejo de la diarrea; la mayoría acude a consulta médica para su tratamiento; sin embargo, se encuentra un alto porcentaje que también recurre al tegua–sobandero. Para el manejo de la diarrea, las madres o cuidadores suministran caldos a los menores, aumentan la cantidad de líquidos, les administran sales de rehidratación oral y jugo de guayaba. Se encuentran diferencias acerca de las costumbres y tradiciones entre estratos socioeconómicos y niveles de escolaridad. PALABRAS CLAVE: costumbres, cuidadores, diarrea infantil . Behaviors, attitudes and practices of the mother or caregivers in the management of acute diarrhea in children under five years ABSTRACT Goal: to determine the beliefs of mothers and caregivers about the management of acute diarrhea in children under 5 years old in Bucaramanga city in the year 2015. Materials and Methods: the research is part of the quantitative paradigm by development of cross-sectional descriptive study; 200 mothers or caregivers of children under five were surveyed in Bucaramanga city,they were selected through stratified random sampling with proportional allocation, reliability and 95% margin of error of 7%. For data collection, a survey was conducted by the author with statistical validation and experts. Results: information on knowledge and traditions about the management of diarrhea and identify signs of dehydration by caregivers, which are analyzed in comparison with their social and cultural characteristics were obtained. Conclusions: in Bucaramanga city , mothers and caregivers of children under five years, continue the family tradition when it comes to checking for signs of dehydration and the old fashioned method in the management of diarrhea; most of them go to see their doctor for treatment; however, there is a high percentage that also relies `Tegua-sobandero`. For the management of diarrhea, mothers or caregivers provide wines to children, increase the amount of fluids administered them ORS and guava juice.There were some differences concerning to the customs and traditions between socioeconomic and educational levels.KEYWORDS: customs, caregivers, childhood diarrhea.Comportamentos, atitudes e práticas da mãe ou responsável na gestão da diarreia aguda em crianças menores de cinco anos ABSTRACT Objetivo: para determinar as crenças de mães e cuidadores sobre a gestão da diarreia aguda em crianças menores de 5 anos na cidade de Bucaramanga em 2015. Materiais e Métodos: a pesquisa é parte do paradigma quantitativo por desenvolvimento de estudo descritivo transversal; 200 mães ou cuidadores de crianças menores de cinco anos foram pesquisados na cidade de Bucaramanga, selecionadas por amostragem aleatória estratificada com alocação proporcional, confiabilidade e margem de 95% de erro de 7%. Para pesquisa de coleta de dados realizada pelo autor com validação estatística e os peritos que ele estava acostumado. Resultados: informações sobre o conhecimento e tradições sobre a gestão de diarreia e identificar sinais de desidratação por cuidadores, que são analisadas em comparação com as suas características sociais e culturais é obtido. Conclusões: em Bucaramanga, mães e cuidadores de crianças menores de cinco anos, continuar a tradição da família quando se trata de verificar se há sinais de desidratação e alfândegas na gestão da diarreia; mais ir ver o seu médico para tratamento; no entanto, há uma alta porcentagem que também se baseia Tegua-sobandero. Para a gestão de diarreia, mães ou cuidadores fornecem vinhos a menores, aumentar a quantidade de fluidos administrados los ORS e suco de goiaba. diferenças sobre os costumes e tradições entre os níveis socioeconômicos e educacionais são.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: costumes, cuidadores, diarreia infantil.

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Harmful practices in the management of childhood diarrhea in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Cited by 47 publications

References 79 publications

Determinants of antimicrobial use in diarrhoea management among under-five children in Zomba, Malawi

Determinants of antimicrobial use in diarrhoea management among under-five children in Zomba, Malawi

Outputs, Outcomes, and Behavioural Impacts of an Antibiotic-Related Educational Activity in Lao PDR

Conductas, actitudes y prácticas de la madre o cuidador en el manejo de la enfermedad diarreica aguda en menores de cinco años

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