Harmonium: A pulse preserving source of monochromatic extreme ultraviolet (30–110 eV) radiation for ultrafast photoelectron spectroscopy of liquids

Ojeda, José; Arrell, Christopher; Grilj, Jakob; Frassetto, Fabio; Mewes, Lars; Zhang, H.; Mourik, Frank van; Poletto, Luca; Chergui, Majed

doi:10.1063/1.4933008

Cited by 59 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The above short account about the developments in time-resolved X-ray spectroscopies over the past 3–4 years and the perspectives they offer is by no means exhaustive and several exciting possibilities are being explored at present, such as, e.g., (a) Adding a separate tuneable EUV source, in particular, a high harmonic generation (HHG) source, 117 that would permit all-EUV non-linear optics experiments with a much enhanced degree of flexibility thanks to a larger choice of energies and phase matching conditions; (b) the idea of combining the high energy MeV electrons from the gun with X-ray pulses from the XFEL is another exciting option, 118 particularly with the idea of using the X-ray as a pump to excite specific states of the system with atomic selectivity.…”

Section: New Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved X-ray spectroscopies of chemical systems: New perspectives

Chergui

2016

Structural Dynamics

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The past 3–5 years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of time-resolved X-ray spectroscopic studies, mainly driven by novel technical and methodological developments. The latter include (i) the high repetition rate optical pump/X-ray probe studies, which have greatly boosted the signal-to-noise ratio for picosecond (ps) X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies, while enabling ps X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) at synchrotrons; (ii) the X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) are a game changer and have allowed the first femtosecond (fs) XES and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments to be carried out; (iii) XFELs are also opening the road to the development of non-linear X-ray methods. In this perspective, I will mainly focus on the most recent technical developments and briefly address some examples of scientific questions that have been addressed thanks to them. I will look at the novel opportunities in the horizon.

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Section: New Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved X-ray spectroscopies of chemical systems: New perspectives

Chergui

2016

Structural Dynamics

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“…The development of sources for the XUV wavelength band, typically from few tens to few tenths of a nanometer, is important for a wide range of scientific and industrial applications, such as EUV lithography [1], photoelectron spectroscopy [2], high-resolution microscopy [3], and surface analysis [4]. This development requires complex optical systems comprising of reflective multilayer mirrors for imaging, as well as dedicated XUV optical components for on-line monitoring, source metrology and standardized characterization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflective aperiodic multilayer filters for metrology at XUV sources

et al. 2020

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We present a general method for designing XUV aperiodic multilayer mirrors that can mimic a given target spectrum, specifically, the spectral transmission of an XUV optical system. The method is based on minimizing a merit function and using fidelity parameters that quantify the matching of the multilayer reflectivity spectrum with that of the target spectrum. To assess the feasibility of fabricating such a system, we show how to reduce the layer-to-layer thickness variations throughout the aperiodic layer stack. We demonstrate the design method using an example of an EUV optical system composed of 12 identical Mo/Si multilayer mirrors having a reflectivity peak at 13.5 nm. We found that the target spectrum can be mimicked with high fidelity either with a single reflection at an aperiodic multilayer mirror combined with standard absorbing filters or, if required, with two subsequent reflections at a mimic mirror. These examples demonstrate the applicability for metrology at XUV sources, including spectrally proper source imaging. Because our approach is of general applicability, the process can be used to mimic any other narrowband, single-peaked target spectrum in the XUV region.

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“…Both the single- [12] and the double-grating design [13] have been adopted. In the first case, a residual pulse-front tilt due to the diffraction has to be accepted at the output of the monochromator, that can be minimized by choosing a suitable geometry to obtain temporal responses in the range of few tens of femtoseconds in the XUV, as demonstrated in beamlines using high-order laser harmonics (HHs) [14][15][16][17]. In the second case, the design consists of a pair of gratings to compensate for the pulse-front tilt introduced by the diffraction: the first grating is demanded to perform the spectral selection on an intermediate slit while the second grating corrects for the pulse-front tilt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grating monochromator with ultrafast response for FLASH2 at DESY

Brenner

Frassetto²,

Kuhlmann

et al. 2017

Advances in X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers Instrumentation IV

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We discuss the design of grating-based monochromators for coherent ultrafast pulses in the extreme-ultraviolet. The main application of such instruments is the monochromatization of ultrafast high-order laser harmonics and freeelectron-laser pulses. We present the conditions to be fulfilled by a grating monochromator that doesn't increase the pulse duration significantly longer than the Fourier limit. A full correction of the pulse-front tilt requires the use of two gratings in a time-delay compensating configuration. The grating-monochromator configuration is applied to the design of the monochromatic beamline for FLASH2 at DESY. The monochromator has to be tunable in the 50-1000 eV energy range with a resolving power higher than 1000 and an instrumental response shorter than 100 fs in the whole energy range. Given the actual parameters of the FLASH2 radiation and the restrictions in the positioning of the optical elements, the tilt of the pulse-front given by a single grating would give an unacceptable temporal stretching of the pulse. This has to be corrected by a second grating in the compensated configuration. The residual distortion of the pulse-front after the second grating is well below 10 fs.

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Harmonium: A pulse preserving source of monochromatic extreme ultraviolet (30–110 eV) radiation for ultrafast photoelectron spectroscopy of liquids

Cited by 59 publications

References 43 publications

Time-resolved X-ray spectroscopies of chemical systems: New perspectives

Time-resolved X-ray spectroscopies of chemical systems: New perspectives

Reflective aperiodic multilayer filters for metrology at XUV sources

Grating monochromator with ultrafast response for FLASH2 at DESY

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