Harnessing Clean Water from Power Plant Emissions Using Membrane Condenser Technology

Kim, Jeong F.; Park, Ahrumi; Kim, Seong‐Joong; Lee, Pyung-Soo; Cho, YoungHoon; Park, HoSik; Nam, Soohyun; Park, YouIn

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00204

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The vapor in coal-fired boilers and gas-fired boilers accounts for 4-13% and 15-20%, respectively [4]. The discharge of exhaust gas into the atmosphere not only causes waste of water resources, but also leads to wet plume formation, resulting in visual pollution and chimney corrosion [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Water Recovery from Flue Gas Using Macroporous Ceramic Membrane

2020

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In this work, a ceramic membrane tube with a pore size of 1 µm was used to conduct experimental research on moisture and waste heat recovery from flue gas. The length, inner/outer diameter, and porosity were 800 mm, 8/12 mm, and 27.2%, respectively. In the experiments, the flue gas, which was artificially prepared, flowed on the shell side of membrane module. The water coolant passed through the membrane counter-currently with the gas. The effects of flue gas flow rate, flue gas temperature, water coolant flux, and water coolant temperature on the membrane recovery performance were analyzed. The results indicated that, upon increasing the flue gas flow rate and its temperature, both the amount of recycled water and the recovered heat increased. The amount of recycled water, recycled water rate, recovered heat, and heat recovery rate all decreased as the water coolant temperature increased. When the water coolant temperature exceeded 30 • C, the amount of recycled water dropped sharply. The maximum amounts of recycled water, recovered heat, and total heat transfer coefficient were 2.93 kg/(m 2 ·h), 3.63 kW/m 2 , and 224.3 W/(m 2 ·K), respectively.Materials 2020, 13, 804 2 of 18 are required. At present, the production of adsorbent in the adsorption technology requires a large amount of energy; thus, adsorption technology is less economical. Additionally, the treatment of precipitate formed by the contact between the flue gas and the absorbent is technically difficult [9,10]. Usually, the membrane materials used in flue gas moisture recovery are fiber membranes and ceramic membranes. Although the membranes are relatively expensive to manufacture, they take advantages of high efficiency, reliability, and heat and chemical resistance [11,12]. Therefore, membrane separation technology is more promising in the flue gas moisture recovery field.Regarding fiber membranes, Sijbesma et al.[13] comparatively studied two membrane bundles composed of polyether block amide (PEBAX ® 1074) and sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) membrane materials for moisture recovery from power plant exhaust. The results revealed that the performance of SPEEK fiber membrane with a sulfonation degree of 60% was better. Under the real flue gas condition, the vapor removal rate of the membrane was 0.2 to 0.46 L/(m 2 ·h). Gao et al. [14] performed an experimental study on a polyether sulfone-sulfonated polyether ether ketone (PES-SPEEK) hollow-fiber membrane applied to recycle water from exhaust gas. The influences on water and waste heat recovery, such as sulfonation degree, coating, filling rate, and length of membrane, were analyzed. The fiber membranes mentioned above are all hydrophilic. For hydrophobic membranes, the Macedonio team constructed a membrane condenser using polyvinylidene fluoride hollow-fiber membranes and carried out simulation calculations [11]. They showed that the water recovery rate could reached 20% when the exhaust temperature drop was less than 5 • C. Brunetti et al. [15] experimentally examined the effect of ∆T (t...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Water Recovery from Flue Gas Using Macroporous Ceramic Membrane

2020

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“…The work by Kim et al [ 6 ] showed that water flux has a linear relationship with the inlet water vapor flow rate (shown in Figure 6 a). Regardless of the operation conditions, the obtained water flux was linearly proportional to the inlet water vapor flow rate.…”

Section: Transport Membrane Condensersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, the thermal conductivity of porous polymeric material is relatively low. Kim et al [ 6 ] calculated and compared the surface temperature and radial temperature profile of ceramic and polymeric membranes, as shown in Figure 7 . It can be seen that the steady-state surface temperature of polymeric membranes can be 5 to 10 °C higher than that of ceramic membranes.…”

Section: Transport Membrane Condensersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport Membrane Condenser Heat Exchangers to Break the Water-Energy Nexus—A Critical Review

Kim

Drioli

2020

Membranes

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Under the notion of water-energy nexus, the unsustainable use of water in power plants has been largely accepted in silence. Moreover, the evaporated water from power plants acts as a primary nucleation source of particulate matter (PM), rendering significant air pollution and adverse health issues. With the emergence of membrane-based dehydration processes such as vapor permeation membrane, membrane condenser, and transport membrane condenser, it is now possible to capture and recycle the evaporated water. Particularly, the concept of transport membrane condensers (TMCs), also known as membrane heat exchangers, has attracted a lot of attention among the membrane community. A TMC combines the advantages of heat exchangers and membranes, and it offers a unique tool to control the transfer of both mass and energy. In this review, recent progress on TMC technology was critically assessed. The effects of TMC process parameters and membrane properties on the dehydration efficiencies were analyzed. The peculiar concept of capillary condensation and its impact on TMC performance were also discussed. The main conclusion of this review was that TMC technology, although promising, will only be competitive when the recovered water quality is high and/or the recovered energy has some energetic value (water temperature above 50 ∘C).

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“…Wang et al [38] pointed out that because of capillary condensation, components of CO2, NOx, and SO2 etc were inhibited entering the membrane due to its high selectivity. However, Kim et al [39] was skeptical about whether capillary condensation occurs, and suggested that the transmembrane mode may be a competition between water vapor condensation and SOx adsorption. Our previous study [40] results indicated that SO2 could condense then penetrate into the membrane.…”

Section: Characterization Of Fly Ash Based Ceramic Membrane Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the preparation and properties of talcum-fly ash based ceramic membrane supports

Cheng

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Ceramic membrane method for moisture recovery from flue gas of thermal power plants is of considerable interest due to its excellent selection performance and corrosion resistance. However, manufacturing costs of commercial ceramic membranes are still relatively expensive, which promotes the development of new methods of preparing low-cost ceramic membranes. In this study, a method for the preparation of porous ceramic membrane supports is proposed. Low-cost fly ash from power plants is the main material of the membrane supports, and talcum is the additive. The fabrication process of the ceramic membrane supports is described in detail. The properties of the supports were fully characterized, including surface morphology, phase composition, pore diameter distribution and porosity. Corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of the supports were measured. The obtained ceramic membrane support displays a pore size of about 5 µm and porosity of 37.8%. Furthermore, the water recovery performance of the supports under different operating conditions was experimentally studied. The experimental results show that, the recovered water flux varies with operating conditions. In the study, the maximum recovered water flux reaches 5.22 kg/(m2·h). The findings provide a guidance for the ceramic membrane supports application of water recovery from flue gas.

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Harnessing Clean Water from Power Plant Emissions Using Membrane Condenser Technology

Cited by 52 publications

References 30 publications

Experimental Study on Water Recovery from Flue Gas Using Macroporous Ceramic Membrane

Experimental Study on Water Recovery from Flue Gas Using Macroporous Ceramic Membrane

Transport Membrane Condenser Heat Exchangers to Break the Water-Energy Nexus—A Critical Review

Study on the preparation and properties of talcum-fly ash based ceramic membrane supports

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