Harnessing Interfacial Electron Transfer in Redox Flow Batteries

Sawant, Tejal V.; Yim, Carissa S.; Henry, Thomas J.; Miller, Dean M.; McKone, James R.

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2020.11.022

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…The electrolyte that consisted of active species dissolved in supporting solutions is pumped into the cell system to germinate an electrochemical redox reaction on the electrode. [ 136 ] In this vein, carbonized wood thick electrodes with hierarchical low‐tortuosity channels seems satisfactory solution to offer quick transport paths for ionic electrolyte as well as an electrically conductive skeleton for flow batteries.…”

Section: Wood‐structured Thick Electrode For Emerging Energy Storage ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Wood‐Structured Thick Electrode for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Lei

Ming

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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It is a natural choice to realize the vision of wood‐inspired functional materials for energy engineering. Apart from being naturally abundant, renewable, and biodegradable, wood‐based devices possess hierarchically porous structures, mechanical integrity and flexibility, and tunable functionalities, holding the potential to significantly push the boundaries of efficient energy storage and conversion. Meanwhile, the hunting of batteries with superior energy/power output to redeem the ever‐growing energy demand has ignited a thick electrode conception, which is deemed as a burgeoning technic to maneuver the maximum active material loading at the device‐scale. As an integrated carbonaceous scaffold with hierarchical architecture and aligned channels, wood thick electrode ameliorates the ion/electron conductivities to strengthen the charge transfer kinetics. In this review, the rational design and unique prospects in the construction of wood thick electrodes that concerns over structural optimization and low‐tortuosity for integrated cell configuration are summarized. To trap the structure‐feature‐performance interplays, advanced wood thick electrode that opens an avenue in emerging energy chemistries such as supercapacitors, lithium‐ion/metal and post‐rechargeable batteries are also spotlighted with a standpoint on task‐tailored modification. Ultimately, the blueprint over ongoing challenges and upcoming opportunities for wood‐structured thick electrode is drawn to broaden their brand‐new energy talents.

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Section: Wood‐structured Thick Electrode For Emerging Energy Storage ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Wood‐Structured Thick Electrode for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Lei

Ming

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Thus, the transferability of kinetic studies on surrogate flat surfaces (i.e., GCEs, pyrolytic graphite) to porous electrodes remains a topic of debate in the community. 28,66 Here, we seek to assess whether planar PAN-derived carbon surfaces can serve as DLC proxies for similar porous electrode materials. Inspired by Park et al, 77 who developed an electroanalytical cell for repeatable characterization of carbon felt electrodes, we fabricated the cell configuration shown in Figure 6 to enable the consistent electrode placement and to better control the electrode areas exposed to the electrolyte.…”

Section: Specific Areal Capacitance Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, a recent review compiled kinetic data reported for several aqueous RFB redox species (i.e., Fe 2+/3+ , V 2+/3+ , VO 2+ /VO2 + , and anthraquinone disulfonic acid) collected on various types of carbon electrodes and showed a range of electron transfer rate constants spanning several orders of magnitude for the same species. 28 This spread is particularly pronounced for vanadium redox reactions as the mechanistic pathways and reaction kinetics depend on the electrolyte composition and electrode surface chemistry. 29 Further, continuing innovations in the synthesis of electrodes and catalysts through the use of new precursors, carbonization methods, and processing parameters will lead to interfaces with different materials properties, surface functionalities, edge versus basal plane site ratios, 30 and thus, electrochemical activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Dense Carbon Films as Model Surfaces to Estimate Electron Transfer Kinetics on Redox Flow Battery Electrodes

Wan

Ismail

Quinn

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a promising electrochemical technology for the efficient and reliable delivery of electricity, providing opportunities to integrate intermittent renewable resources and to support unreliable and/or aging grid infrastructure. Within the RFB, porous carbonaceous electrodes facilitate the electrochemical reactions, distribute the flowing electrolyte, and conduct electrons. Understanding electrode reaction kinetics is crucial for improving RFB performance and lowering costs. However, assessing reaction kinetics on porous electrodes is challenging as their complex structure frustrates canonical electroanalytical techniques used to quantify performance descriptors. Here, we outline a strategy to estimate electron transfer kinetics on planar electrode materials of similar surface chemistry to those used in RFBs. First, we describe a bottom-up synthetic process to produce flat, dense carbon films to enable evaluation of electron transfer kinetics using traditional electrochemical approaches. Next, we characterize physicochemical properties of the films using a suite of spectroscopic methods, confirming that their surface characteristics align with those of widely-used porous electrodes. Last, we study the electrochemical performance of the films in a custom-designed cell architecture, extracting intrinsic heterogeneous kinetic rate constants for two iron-based redox couples in aqueous electrolytes using standard electrochemical methods (i.e., cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). We anticipate that the synthetic methods and experimental protocols described here are applicable to a range of electrocatalysts and redox couples.

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“…Indeed, we speculate that values of 4 to 5 Â 10 À4 cm s À1 shown by oxidized carbon ber are fast enough to translate to negligible overpotential losses at operating current densities in the hundreds of mA cm À2 when combined with the ability to increase roughness factor (electroactive area normalized to supercial area) by 10-100 using porous electrodes derived from carbon bers. 96 While the ability to measure interfacial electron transfer rates continuously during RFB operation is useful, extending these types of measurements to technologically relevant electrodes remains a key challenge. [97][98][99][100][101][102] To this end, it is difficult to extract microscopic reaction rates (e.g., turnover rate per electrochemical surface area) from the types of porous carbon cloth, paper, or felt electrodes that are used in RFBs.…”

Section: Experimental Kinetics Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow battery electroanalysis 3: online kinetics measurements using ultramicroelectrodes in channel flow

Segel,

Parr,

Sawant

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Harnessing Interfacial Electron Transfer in Redox Flow Batteries

Cited by 42 publications

References 195 publications

Rational Design of Wood‐Structured Thick Electrode for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Rational Design of Wood‐Structured Thick Electrode for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Synthesis and Characterization of Dense Carbon Films as Model Surfaces to Estimate Electron Transfer Kinetics on Redox Flow Battery Electrodes

Flow battery electroanalysis 3: online kinetics measurements using ultramicroelectrodes in channel flow

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