Harnessing translational research in wheat for climate resilience

Reynolds, Matthew; Lewis, Janet M.; Ammar, Karim; Basnet, Bhoja R.; Crespo‐Herrera, Leonardo; Crossa, J.; Dhugga, Kanwarpal S.; Dreisigacker, Susanne; Juliana, Philomin; Karwat, Hannes; Kishii, Masahiro; Krause, Margaret; Langridge, Peter; Lashkari, Azam; Mondal, Suchismita; Payne, Thomas; Pequeno, Diego Noleto Luz; Pinto, Fausto J.; Sansaloni, Carolina; Schulthess, Urs; Singh, Ravi P.; Sonder, Kai; Sukumaran, Sivakumar; Xiong, Wei; Braun, Hans J.

doi:10.1093/jxb/erab256

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 201 publications

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“…As a result, knowledge about the occurrence and prevalence of compound extremes and their impacts on agriculture in other regions is limited 189,204 . Efforts have been underway to explicitly address the combined risks of heat and drought in crop improvement, such as wheat via the Heat and Drought Wheat Improvement Consortium 205 . However, more site and climate-responsive adaptation could be achieved if these technological improvements were combined with other knowledge production systems (such as local and regional traditional agroecological or indigenous knowledge) that include more diversified farming approaches 206 .…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Compound heat and moisture extreme impacts on global crop yields under climate change

Lesk

Anderson

Rigden

et al. 2022

Nat Rev Earth Environ

144

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Extreme heat, drought and moisture excess are increasingly co-occurring within a single growing season, impacting crop yields in global breadbasket regions. In this Review, we synthesize understanding of compound heat and moisture extremes, their impacts on global crop yields and implications for adaptation. Heat and moisture extremes and their impacts become compounded through crop-physiological interactions, heat-moisture couplings in the climate system and crop-atmosphere interactions. Since around 2000, these compound extremes, and hot droughts in particular, have been linked to especially poor harvests (up to 30% yield losses) in regions such as India, Ethiopia, the USA, Europe and Russia. However, in some cases, combinations of crop stresses might generate compensating effects. Compound extremes are projected to increase in frequency and amplitude in the future, but, owing to the biophysical interdependence among temperature, water and crop physiology, the net yield effects of such future compound extremes remain uncertain. Accordingly, compound extremes will necessitate comprehensive agricultural adaptation strategies geared towards multi-stress resilience, as adaptations that work for single climate stresses could be maladaptive under combined stresses. An integrated understanding of heat and water in soil-plant-atmosphere dynamics is urgently needed to understand risks and suitably adapt cropping systems to compounding climate impacts. Sections Compound extreme and crop impact dynamicsClimate impacts on crops can be compounded via three primary modes (Fig. 1). First, interactions among crop-physiological responses to different aspects of climate can worsen or ameliorate the ultimate yield effect (Fig. 1, green boxes). Second, heat-moisture interactions in the climate system can generate or amplify compound extremes, such as Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author selfarchiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Compound heat and moisture extreme impacts on global crop yields under climate change

Lesk

Anderson

Rigden

et al. 2022

Nat Rev Earth Environ

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Not surprisingly, climate-change induced wheat yields are projected to decrease by up to 49% by 2050 in Southern Europe [6], evidencing the insufficient preparation of wheat breeding programs and cultivar selection for climatic uncertainty and variability [5]. Moreover, despite being the world's most widely cultivated crop, research investments in wheat lag behind those in other crops [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GGE Biplot Analysis to Explore the Adaption Potential of Italian Common Wheat Genotypes

et al. 2022

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Given the substantial variation in global wheat yield, insufficient research in cultivar selection for climate change, and the lack of suitable germplasm in sustainable agroecosystems, there is a requisite for soft wheat genotypes, with stable grain yield as well as quality parameters. The present study was aimed at genotype evaluation (GGE biplot for “mean performance versus stability”) not only for yield, but also for technological, phytosanitary and functional quality parameters of 24 Triticum aestivum L. genotypes (eight landraces, old and modern varieties, respectively) within a single organic farm location (Argelato, Emilia-Romagna, Italy) over three consecutive years. Overall, high yield stability was shown for the landraces and old varieties. In particular, the landraces Piave and Gamba di Ferro, as well as the old variety Verna, showed high stability with above-average means for numerous quality parameters of interest. Additionally, relative stability combined with above-average mean for quality parameters was also demonstrated for the high-yielding Gentil Bianco and Guà 113. Aside from Verna, these “unrecognized” resilient genotypes were also shown to meet the requisites for suitable germplasm in sustainable agroecosystems. Future potential utilization of these more stable landraces in addressing climate change would also ultimately facilitate the survival of valuable genetic resources.

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“…Furthermore, current approaches for crop management utilize the application of irrigation water, which can reduce heat stress on plants ( Badaruddin et al, 1999 ) but is not feasible for large areas. To date, our limited understanding of the complex interaction of cellular/molecular mechanisms with whole-plant adaptation has restricted deterministic approaches to breeding for heat tolerance ( Reynolds et al, 2021 ). Germplasm could be a reliable source of gene or QTL for heat tolerance, especially at the ripening stage and seed maturation.…”

Section: The Challenges: Improving Wheat Biotic and Abiotic Stress Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indian Wheat Genomics Initiative for Harnessing the Potential of Wheat Germplasm Resources for Breeding Disease-Resistant, Nutrient-Dense, and Climate-Resilient Cultivars

et al. 2022

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Wheat is one of the major staple cereal food crops in India. However, most of the wheat-growing areas experience several biotic and abiotic stresses, resulting in poor quality grains and reduced yield. To ensure food security for the growing population in India, there is a compelling need to explore the untapped genetic diversity available in gene banks for the development of stress-resistant/tolerant cultivars. The improvement of any crop lies in exploring and harnessing the genetic diversity available in its genetic resources in the form of cultivated varieties, landraces, wild relatives, and related genera. A huge collection of wheat genetic resources is conserved in various gene banks across the globe. Molecular and phenotypic characterization followed by documentation of conserved genetic resources is a prerequisite for germplasm utilization in crop improvement. The National Genebank of India has an extensive and diverse collection of wheat germplasm, comprising Indian wheat landraces, primitive cultivars, breeding lines, and collection from other countries. The conserved germplasm can contribute immensely to the development of wheat cultivars with high levels of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Breeding wheat varieties that can give high yields under different stress environments has not made much headway due to high genotypes and environmental interaction, non-availability of truly resistant/tolerant germplasm, and non-availability of reliable markers linked with the QTL having a significant impact on resistance/tolerance. The development of new breeding technologies like genomic selection (GS), which takes into account the G × E interaction, will facilitate crop improvement through enhanced climate resilience, by combining biotic and abiotic stress resistance/tolerance and maximizing yield potential. In this review article, we have summarized different constraints being faced by Indian wheat-breeding programs, challenges in addressing biotic and abiotic stresses, and improving quality and nutrition. Efforts have been made to highlight the wealth of Indian wheat genetic resources available in our National Genebank and their evaluation for the identification of trait-specific germplasm. Promising genotypes to develop varieties of important targeted traits and the development of different genomics resources have also been highlighted.

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Harnessing translational research in wheat for climate resilience

Cited by 39 publications

References 201 publications

Compound heat and moisture extreme impacts on global crop yields under climate change

Compound heat and moisture extreme impacts on global crop yields under climate change

GGE Biplot Analysis to Explore the Adaption Potential of Italian Common Wheat Genotypes

Indian Wheat Genomics Initiative for Harnessing the Potential of Wheat Germplasm Resources for Breeding Disease-Resistant, Nutrient-Dense, and Climate-Resilient Cultivars

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