Has Malaysia's antidrug effort been effective?

Scorzelli, James F.

doi:10.1016/0740-5472(92)90087-5

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Government's approach toward heroin dependence is also consequential for the implementation of treatment programs, as demonstrated in Malaysia. Prior to 2005, treatment of heroin dependence was considered a security and social deviancy concern under the purview of the Ministry of Internal Security (Scorzelli ; Mazlan, Schottenfeld, and Chawarski ). The Malaysian government, however, realized it was progressing toward all of the Millennium Development Goals except for the spread of HIV/AIDS, leading it to consider injection drug use as a public health and medical issue and giving authority for its treatment to the Ministry of Health (Reid, Kamarulzaman, and Sran ; WHO ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs of Addressing Heroin Addiction inMalaysia and 32 Comparable Countries Worldwide

Ruger¹,

Chawarski

Mazlan³

et al. 2011

Health Services Research

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Objective. Develop and apply new costing methodologies to estimate costs of opioid dependence treatment in countries worldwide. Data Sources/Study Setting. Micro-costing methodology developed and data collected during randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 126 patients ( July 2003-May 2005 in Malaysia. Gross-costing methodology developed to estimate costs of treatment replication in 32 countries with data collected from publicly available sources. Study Design. Fixed, variable, and societal cost components of Malaysian RCT micro-costed and analytical framework created and employed for gross-costing in 32 countries selected by three criteria relative to Malaysia: major heroin problem, geographic proximity, and comparable gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Principal Findings. Medication, and urine and blood testing accounted for the greatest percentage of total costs for both naltrexone (29-53 percent) and buprenorphine (33 -72 percent) interventions. In 13 countries, buprenorphine treatment could be provided for under $2,000 per patient. For all countries except United Kingdom and Singapore, incremental costs per person were below $1,000 when comparing buprenorphine to naltrexone. An estimated 100 percent of opiate users in Cambodia and Lao People's Democratic Republic could be treated for $8 and $30 million, respectively. Conclusions. Buprenorphine treatment can be provided at low cost in countries across the world. This study's new costing methodologies provide tools for health systems worldwide to determine the feasibility and cost of similar interventions. Key Words. Malaysia, micro-costing, gross-costing, heroin treatment, international comparison, health systemsThere are an estimated 13-22 million opiate users globally, with more than half residing in Asia (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [UNODC] 2010). Heroin use in Malaysia has reached significant levels, with 234,000

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs of Addressing Heroin Addiction inMalaysia and 32 Comparable Countries Worldwide

Ruger¹,

Chawarski

Mazlan³

et al. 2011

Health Services Research

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“…Drug abuse continues to be a major problem in Malaysia (1), with almost half of the Malaysian prison population of 30,000 having been indicted for various drug-related offenses (2). Acknowledging the importance of drug abuse and relapse as a public health issue, the Malaysian government has implemented a number of programs aimed at curtailing drug distribution as well as improving drug-treatment programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Abuse, Relapse, and Prevention Education in Malaysia: Perspective of University Students Through a Mixed Methods Approach

et al. 2015

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In recent years, there have been increasing accounts of illegal substance abuse among university students and professional groups in Malaysia. This study looks at university students’ perceptions about this phenomenon. Students from Malaysian universities were asked for their impressions about drug availability and abuse, as well as factors contributing to drug abuse and relapse. The questionnaire also inquired into their knowledge and views regarding government versus private rehabilitation centers, as well as their exposure to, and views about, school-based drug-prevention education. Participants were 460 university students from five Malaysian states: Penang, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Sabah, and Sarawak. Results showed gender differences in perceptions of relapse prevention strategies, as well as factors leading to drug abuse and relapse. Students also believed that drug education would be more effective if initiated between the ages of 11 and 12 years, which is slightly older than the common age of first exposure, and provided suggestions for improving existing programs. Implications of student perceptions for the improvement of current interventions and educational programs are discussed.

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“…Qualitative responses from the program evaluation suggest that the patients enjoyed a holistic approach to treatment involving a combination of cognitive–behavioral, medical, social, and spiritual components ( 52 ). Responses related to program limitations and suggested improvements revealed a consensus between patients and staff that a tailored approach to treatment should be developed and practiced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Abuse, Relapse, and Treatment Program Evaluation in Malaysia: Perspective of Rehab Patients and Staff Using the Mixed Method Approach

et al. 2016

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This study examined reasons for substance abuse and evaluated the effectiveness of substance treatment programs in Malaysia through interviews with rehab patients and staff. Substance rehab patients (aged 18–69 years; n = 30) and staff (ages 30–72 years; n = 10) participated in semi-structured interviews covering a range of topics, including family and peer relationships, substance use and treatment history, factors for substance use and relapse, motivation for entering treatment, work experience, job satisfaction, treatment evaluation, and patient satisfaction. Most patients did not demonstrate the substance progression trend and had normal family relationships. Most patients reported having peers from normal family backgrounds as well. Various environmental and personal factors was cited as contributing to substance abuse and relapse. There was no significant difference between patient and staff program evaluation scores although the mean score for patients was lower. A holistic treatment approach with a combination of cognitive–behavioral, medical, social, and spiritual components was favored by patients. Suggestions for improving existing programs include better tailoring treatment to individual needs, and providing more post-treatment group support.

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Has Malaysia's antidrug effort been effective?

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Costs of Addressing Heroin Addiction inMalaysia and 32 Comparable Countries Worldwide

Costs of Addressing Heroin Addiction inMalaysia and 32 Comparable Countries Worldwide

Drug Abuse, Relapse, and Prevention Education in Malaysia: Perspective of University Students Through a Mixed Methods Approach

Substance Abuse, Relapse, and Treatment Program Evaluation in Malaysia: Perspective of Rehab Patients and Staff Using the Mixed Method Approach

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