Hashimoto′s encephalopathy and motor neuron disease: A common autoimmune pathogenesis?

Harzheim, Michael; Feucht, Jeanine; Pauleit, Dirk; Pöhlau, Dieter

doi:10.4103/0028-3886.27160

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The other was a 50-year-old man presenting with lower motor neuron symptoms that had evolved over three years, and changes in behavior associated with attentive and cognitive impairment. This patient’s cranial MRI also revealed multiple subcortical white matter lesions [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Background/AimsHashimoto's encephalopathy is considered as a treatable dementia, but it is often misdiagnosed. We investigated cognitive impairment and the MRI pathology of Hashimoto's encephalopathy patients.MethodsThe study comprised eight patients with Hashimoto's encephalopathy, 16 patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and 24 healthy subjects. A neuropsychological battery included assessments of memory, language, attention, executive function and visuospatial ability. Cranial MRI was obtained from all Hashimoto's encephalopathy patients.ResultsHashimoto's encephalopathy and mild Alzheimer’s disease showed cognitive impairments in episodic memory, attention, executive function and visuospatial ability, but naming ability was unaffected in Hashimoto's encephalopathy. The MRI of Hashimoto's encephalopathy showed leukoencephalopathy-like type or limbic encephalitis-like type; the lesions did not affect the temporal cortex which plays a role in naming ability.ConclusionExcept that the naming ability was retained, the impairments in cognitive functions for the Hashimoto's encephalopathy patients were similar to those of Alzheimer’s disease patients. These results were consistent with the MRI findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…The fact that autoimmune encephalitis can develop in cases with Hashimoto thyroiditis in the presence of normal thyroid hormone levels and elevated antithyroid peroxidase autoantibodies suggest that parts of the brain related to the autonomic nervous system can be affected (Castillo et al 2006). Besides, Harzheim et al (2006) have reported a case of Hashimoto thyroiditis with motor neuron disease accompanying encephalitis, suggesting a common autoimmune pathogenesis. Disturbed HRV in eHT might be a consequence of involvement of the central nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Autonomic Regulation Is Disturbed in Children with Euthyroid Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Kilic¹,

Gülgün²,

Tascilar³

et al. 2012

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Hashimoto thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis) is the most common form of thyroiditis in childhood. Previous studies have found autonomic dysfunction of varying magnitude in patients with autoimmune diseases, which is considered a cardiovascular risk factor. We aimed to evaluate the heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of cardiac autonomic modulation, in children with euthyroid Hashimoto thyroiditis (eHT). The study included 32 patients with eHT (27 girls and 5 boys; mean age 11 ± 4.1 years, range 8-16; body mass index 0.47 ± 0.69 kg/m 2 ), as judged by normal or minimally elevated serum TSH levels (normal range: 0.34-5.6 mIU/l) and normal levels of free thyroid hormones (FT4 and FT3) and 38 euthyroid age-matched controls. Patients with eHT and control subjects underwent physical examination and 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitoring. Time-domain parameters of HRV were evaluated for cardiac autonomic functions. Children with eHT displayed significantly lower values of time-domain parameters of SDANN (standard deviation of the averages of NN intervals), RMSSD (square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent NN intervals), NN50 counts (number of pairs of adjacent NN intervals differing by more than 50 ms) and PNN50 (NN50 count divided by the total number of all NN intervals) for each 5-min interval, compared to healthy controls ( p < 0.05 for each), indicating the decreased beat-to-beat variation of heart rate. In conclusion, eHT is associated with disturbed autonomic regulation of heart rate. Hence, the children with eHT are at higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases.

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“…Some patients have HE and other immune diseases. A possible common autoimmune pathogenesis was supposed in a 50-year-old man with HE and motor neuron disease (Harzheim et al, 2006). He presented with chronic progressive lower motor neuron symptoms (paraparesis and fasciculations in all extremities) and encephalopathy characterized by memory and attention deficits, emotional instability, aggressiveness, and dysarthria.…”

Section: Peripheral Nervous System Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hashimoto encephalopathy: Neurological and psychiatric perspective

Pavlović

Lačković

2009

ARCH BIOL SCI BELGRA

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Hashimoto encephalopathy (HE) is an autoimmune disease with neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations and elevated titers of antithyroid antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Patients are mostly women. Age varies from 8 to 86 years. Prevalence of HE is estimated to be 2.1/100,000. Neurological and/or psychiatric symptoms and signs constitute the clinical picture. The disease responds well to corticosteroid therapy, but sometimes other immunomodulatory therapies must be applied. Autoimmune mechanisms with antibodies against antigens in the brain cortex are suspected. The course of the disease can be acute, subacute, chronic, or relapsing/remitting. Some patients improve spontaneously, but a few died in spite of adequate therapy

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Hashimoto′s encephalopathy and motor neuron disease: A common autoimmune pathogenesis?

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study

Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study

Cardiac Autonomic Regulation Is Disturbed in Children with Euthyroid Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Hashimoto encephalopathy: Neurological and psychiatric perspective

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