Hauttemperatur und Leistungsf�higkeit in Extremit�ten bei dynamischer Arbeit

Nukada, A.; Müller, Erich

doi:10.1007/bf00696822

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Our results do not support the hypothesis postulated by Nukada & Muller (1955) who suggested that heating the arm diverted blood from the muscle to the skin, thus placing the muscle at a disadvantage in a subsequent contraction. Table 1 shows that when the arm is transferred from cold to hot water and vice versa the blood flow through the arm is rapidly affected.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…This belief was rejected by Nukada & Muller (1955), and it remains possible that the results obtained here might be explained by their hypothesis that the partition of It is possible to affect the subcutaneous and muscle temperatures differentially by immersion of the forearm in hot and then in cold water, or vice versa; in this way, the subcutaneous temperature (and presumably the skin blood flow) can be altered much faster than the temperature of the muscles. was quickly transferred to hot water and the contraction was made when the muscle temperature was about 250 C, at which time the subcutaneous temperature was much higher.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…More recently, Nukada & Muller (1955) and Nukada (1955) showed that when a limb was immersed for a short period in water ranging from 10 to 400 C (rhythmic contractions) and from 20 to 400 C (sustained contractions) the duration of contractions to fatigue steadily increased from the higher to the lower water temperatures. These experiments on human subjects have led all these observers to the conclusion that the influence of temperature on the performance of muscular contraction is due to alterations in the proportion of blood flowing through the muscle and the skin of the exercised limb.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The duration of sustained contractions of the human forearm at different muscle temperatures

Clarke¹,

Hellon²,

Lind³

1958

The Journal of Physiology

232

173

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Heating of the whole body by immersion in water for short periods (Vernon, 1924) or of a limb by application of hot fomentations (Hall, Schamp, Brown & Davis, 1944; Hall, Munoz & Fitch, 1947) has been shown to reduce the strength and duration of voluntary rhythmic and sustained contractions. More recently, Nukada & Muller (1955) and Nukada (1955) showed that when a limb was immersed for a short period in water ranging from 10 to 400 C (rhythmic contractions) and from 20 to 400 C (sustained contractions) the duration of contractions to fatigue steadily increased from the higher to the lower water temperatures. These experiments on human subjects have led all these observers to the conclusion that the influence of temperature on the performance of muscular contraction is due to alterations in the proportion of blood flowing through the muscle and the skin of the exercised limb.The possibility that the temperature of the muscle might be associated with the duration or strength of contraction has been dismissed by these workers, but the evidence of Ellis & Beckett (1954) and Hadju (1951) casts some doubt on the validity of such a conclusion. Working with isolated muscle preparations, they showed that both strength and duration of contractions, in the absence of a blood supply, depend on muscle temperatures.Lind & Samueloff (1957) measured in man the duration of successive sustained contractions when the interval between the contractions was varied and when the arm was kept in water at 18 or 340 C throughout the experiment. They found that contractions were always longer in water at 180 C when the interval between contractions was 20 or 40 min.The present experiments were designed to discover (a) whether there was a further deterioration in muscular performance when the forearm was heated in water above 340 C, and (b) if further improvement occurred in the strength and duration of contractions when the water was cooler than 180 C. Blood flow, muscle temperatures and action potentials were measured on the exercised

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The duration of sustained contractions of the human forearm at different muscle temperatures

Clarke¹,

Hellon²,

Lind³

1958

The Journal of Physiology

232

173

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This fluctuation can profoundly affect isometric endurance. For example, an elevation of forearm deep muscle temperature of only a few degrees eC) by application of hot packs (Hall, Mendoz & Fitch, 1947), whole body immersion in hot water (Vernon, 1924), immersion of the forearm in hot water (Nukada & Muller, 1955;Lind, 1959;Clarke, Hellon & Lind, 1958) or direct heating by diathermy (Nukada, 1955) decreases isometric endurance while having no apparent influence on isometric strength (Clarke et al, 1958). It appears that whenever muscle temperature increases above about 28°C, the isometric endurance decreases.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Body Fat Content to Deep Muscle Temperature and Isometric Endurance in Man

Petrofsky

Lind

1975

Clinical Science

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1. The relationship between body fat content, isometric endurance and deep muscle temperature was assessed in eight male and female volunteers trained to static effort. 2. Muscle temperature, measured in the belly of the brachioradialis muscle, was found to be directly related to the subject's body fat content. 3. Associated with a reduction in body fat content, there was a marked decrease in deep muscle temperature and an increase in isometric endurance of the hand-grip muscles; no change in strength was noted. 4. Conversely, an increase in body fat content resulted in an increase in deep muscle temperature and a decrease in isometric endurance. 5. When muscle temperature was stabilized before and after weight loss by immersing the forearm in water at 37 degrees C, a reduction in body fat no longer influenced endurance. 6. It was concluded that the change in isometric endurance associated with either loss or gain of weight can be accounted for entirely by the changes in muscle temperature.

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Thermal dependence of muscle function

Bennett¹

1984

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

235

223

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Maximal isometric forces during both twitch and tetanus are largely temperature independent in muscles from both endothermic and ectothermic vertebrates. Anuran muscle can develop maximal force at lower temperatures than mammalian muscle. Tetanic tension is maximal at normally experienced body temperatures in a variety of animals, but twitch tension seldom is. Thermal dependence of twitch tension varies with muscle fiber type: tension decreases with increasing temperature in fast-twitch muscles and remains constant in slow-twitch muscles. In contrast to the low temperature dependence of force generation, rates of development of tension (time to peak twitch tension and tetanic rise time) and maximal velocity of shortening and power output are markedly temperature dependent, with average temperature coefficient (Q10) values of 2.0-2.5 Q10 values for rate processes of anuran muscle are only slightly lower than those of mammalian muscle. High body temperatures permit rapid rates of muscle contraction; animals active at low body temperatures do not achieve the maximal rate performance their muscles are capable of delivering. Thermal acclimation or hibernation does not appear to result in compensatory adjustments in either force generation or rate processes. In vivo, dynamic processes dependent on contractile rates are positively temperature dependent, although with markedly lower Q10 values than those of isolated muscle. Static force application in vivo is nearly temperature independent.

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Hauttemperatur und Leistungsf�higkeit in Extremit�ten bei dynamischer Arbeit

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

The duration of sustained contractions of the human forearm at different muscle temperatures

The duration of sustained contractions of the human forearm at different muscle temperatures

The Relationship of Body Fat Content to Deep Muscle Temperature and Isometric Endurance in Man

Thermal dependence of muscle function

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