Having Explicit-Implicit Evaluation Discrepancies Triggers Race-Based Motivated Reasoning

Striving While Accepting: Exploring the Relationship Between Identity and Implicit Bias Recognition and Management

“…The first study asked White undergraduate participants to rate how one obtains a level of competence in certain domains (e.g., "how many books must a person read per month for you to consider them well read") (Shoda et al, 2014, p. 193). Results demonstrated greater EIED was related to setting higher standards for stereotyped traits associated with being White (e.g., being studious) and setting lower standards for stereotyped traits associated with being African American (e.g., dancing) (Shoda et al, 2014). These results are consistent with findings that people tend to evaluate competency in a way that affirms their own accomplishment and discounts excellence in areas where they are weak (Dunning & Cohen, 1992).…”

“…Considering racial bias and belief maintenance further, a second study measured White undergraduates' pre-existing implicit and explicit beliefs related to conceal and carry laws and had them read an article supporting these laws (which did not align with their self-professed existing attitudes). Results shows that participants with greater Explicit and Implicit Evaluation Discrepancy (EIED), expressed significantly greater attitude polarization (i.e., the article strengthened their previously held beliefs) when they believed the article author was African American than when the author was presented as White (Shoda et al, 2014). Together these results suggest that possessing greater racial attitude EIEDs can elicit race-related reasoning.…”

“…Shoda, McConnell, and Rydell explored the judgment and decision-making process for individuals who showed a high discrepancy in their explicit and implicit racial evaluations (Shoda, McConnell, & Rydell, 2014). Explicit and Implicit Evaluation Discrepancy was (EIED) assessed by comparing scores on an explicit questionnaire about racial attitudes towards African Americans and Whites and with IAT data.…”

Acculturation, out-group positivity and eating disorders symptoms among Emirati women

“…Implicit, taskbased measures of in-group evaluation, such as the affective priming task, can circumvent socially desirable responding. Such implicit measures can help obtain a less reactivity prone assessment of how positively or negatively people feel about the groups they belong to compared to those to which they do not belong (18)(19)(20)(21). The affective priming task is an implicit assessment in that it taps into processes that are thought to be automatic.…”

Implicit out-group preference is associated with eating disorders symptoms amongst Emirati females

“…Since this seminal study, implicit assessments of group-based evaluations have been widely used in social-psychological research. These measures tend to circumvent socially desirable responding by obtaining a more direct quantification of how positive people feel about the groups they belong to compared to those IMPLICIT OUT-GROUP PREFERENCE AND EATING DISORDERS SYMPTOMS 7 they do not belong to (Dovidio, Kawakami, Johnson, & Howard, 1997;Fazio & Hilden, 2001;Fazio, Jackson, Dunton, & Williams, 1995;Shoda & McConnell, 2014).…”