Hazard analysis of a yacht designed for people with disabilities

Abstract

Introduction: In connection with the design of a seaworthy yacht for persons with disabilities, authors conduct a risk analysis and consider the safety aspects arising from these risks. In the context of tourism and recreation for people with disabilities, this represents a new issue in the literature. Aim: The aim of the analysis was a multi-aspect evaluation of the hazards that occur when sailors with disabilities carry out typical activities on a yacht. The recommendations arising from the conducted research were used when designing the structure of a staysail schooner intended to be sailed by people with disabilities. Methods: Two methods of risk analysis were adopted. A preliminary hazard analysis (PHA) was carried out with the purpose of identifying and evaluating the possibility of people with various types of disabilities carrying out activities on a yacht. A process hazard analysis (PRHA) was based on a four-degree structure of functions with 31 component operations, relating to both sailing and living on a yacht. This methodology was used by the authors in sailing for the first time when the yacht’s equipment was designed for persons with disabilities. Results: The evaluation covered the adaptation of the yacht for sailing by people with disabilities and considered the various functions that would need to be carried out by these people. A PRHA matrix was created, consisting of 1,116 fields. Authors found that safe execution of many of the relevant functions by people with various types of disabilities was indicated. Conclusions: Based on the results of the PRHA, a set of new guidelines was created for permanent and temporary adaptations of a yacht in the context of the degrees and causes of disabilities.

Age Simulation Suits in Education and Training of Staff for the Nautical Tourism Sector

“…However, there is a research gap regarding the social aspects of the sustainability of marinas, including the necessity to tailor services to suit the needs of senior tourists. Some aspects of seniors and people with disabilities in water-based leisure activities are discussed in the context of adapting watercraft to their special needs [56]. We must not forget, however, that yachts and pleasure boats carrying senior tourists call at marinas, and these too should be adapted to the special needs of these groups.…”

Designing Innovative Assistive Technology Devices for Tourism

“…In turn, wind and swaying may result in less stability for people moving around the yacht; thus, it is vital to eliminate the risk of being hit by designing, e.g., foot shields for people moving on wheelchairs (due to spinal cord damage, foot numbness, and no sensation of pain, accidental bumps may be very dangerous for users [ 69 ]), and the impact of air temperature at high humidity may lead to hypothermia, etc. Considering the environment’s specific character is essential in product design [ 70 ].…”