Hazards in land recycling

Criteria for Preliminary Risk Assessment of Brownfield Site: An International Survey of Experts

“…These findings were highlighted by a study conducted by Sivapullaiah et al (2009) who demonstrated that the swelling of soil in the presence of waste material such as sulfuric acid is highly likely due to the leaching of fixed potassium ions from between the interlayers. Storage of materials and old tanks criteria ranked fourth by mean = 3.83 (SD = 0.915; n = 76), although geophysicist, geochemists, and hydrologist do not rank this criteria important to identify ground movement, it was ranked extremely important by other professionals as it raises concerns about the ground instability related to removing tanks and underground storages as highlighted by previous study by Barry (1991).…”

“…By previous use, brownfield sites contain buildings, ancillary structures, and underground services. These pose potential barriers to redevelopment, which could be of great consequence if not anticipated and planned when discovered during construction (Barry 1991). The results show a significant degree of agreement between the professionals regarding the necessary criteria to identify obstruction The Kruskal-Wallis H test result is significant at the significance level of 0.05 (p value < 0.05) c The Kendall's W for rating the criteria was W with a significance level <0.001 hazards in brownfield sites.…”

Framework for preliminary risk assessment of brownfield sites

“…The identified hazards are presented in Table 2. (Barry, 1991;Leach and Goodger, 1991;Watts and Charles, 2015) PH26 Ground instability related to removing tanks and underground storages (Barry, 1991;Leach and Goodger, 1991;Charles, 2005 swallowing) with invasive plants (Batish et al, 2004;Culliney, 2005;D'hondt et al, 2015) Invasive animals PH35 Transmission of viruses to humans (Mazza et al, 2013) Made ground PH36 Failure of construction materials, because of their vulnerability to aggressive ground conditions (Bartarya, 2013;Seeley and Winfield, 2015;Baker, 1980) PH37 Hazards for buildings and occupants, arising from combustion (Richards, 1998;Blight, 2009;Kim et al, 2013) PH38 The migration of contaminants from landfill site over time increase the possibility of groundwater to be contaminated. (Jensen, Ledin and Christensen, 1999;Broholm et al, 1998;JACOBS, 2017;Augustsson et al, 2016;Smith, 2005) PH39 PH65 Although the characteristics of clay bricks to resist to chemical attack, but their permeability will let them at high risk from salt crystallisation.…”

Environmental problems associated with man-made strata and their potential management

“…Such deposits are often poorly recorded and may contain hazardous materials including unexploded ordinance (Greichgauer et al, 2000). Environmental management of man-made strata therefore requires sound understanding of the nature and distribution of contamination, potential instability and associated risks prior to potential development (Barry, 1990).…”