$$\hbox {TeO}_2{-}\hbox {TiO}_2{-}\hbox {ZnO}$$ glasses: potential use in radiation protection

Radiation Shielding Parameters for Zinc Borate and Zinc Silicate Glasses Doped with Oxides of Bismuth -A Comparative Study

“…Weighing of glasses were done in benzene as well as air at room temperature. The densities were determined by utilizing equation: = ( wa/ wa-wb) 0.787 (1) wa denotes weight of sample taken in air,  density of glass sample & wb is weight of sample in the medium in which the sample was immersed. The density of immersing medium was taken as 0.787 at room temperature.…”

“…However, there use in long terms is not encouraged due to environmental issues. [1][2][3][4][5] Such that the element of lead is a toxic and forms "lead dust" which has health hazard effects when exposed to living species [6]. To discourage the use of lead as shielding material because of its toxicity, other materials are currently been worked upon having low cost, eco-friendly nature and effective radiation shielding properties.…”

Radiation protection assessment of gamma photons in 64TeO2–10WO3–10Nb2O5– 15KF–1La2O3 glasses doped with Tm2O3 using photon-shielding and dosimetry software

“…A novel high-density oxide-based glass formation could be developed for testing against different-energy ionizing radiation. The possibility of using tellurium dioxide (TeO 2 ) glass as shielding for protection against a variety of ionizing-radiation energies has been shown in numerous studies (10,13,(15)(16)(17), The refractive index in Tm 2 O 3 glass has been noted for its high values and widely infrared transmittance, as well as appropriately high phonon energy to ~ 750 cm -1 (18,19). Moreover, with a low melting point, TeO 2 is stable and has good ability to form as glass because of its high refractive index and reducing the optical energy gap, as well as cleavage of nonbridging oxygen in the structure (20).…”