HBT Optoelectronic Mixer Design for Radio over Fiber System

Model characterization of heterojunction bipolar transistor InP/InGaAs optoelectronic mixer

“…The common emitter current gain of HBT is increases with voltage base emitter value, V BE because of space-charge recombination current effect as it dependent on V BE value and cause HBT are nonlinear and conversion gain increase with V BE at low bias. The output current is collector current represented at (9) with time-varying produces the mixed products [1]. …”

“…In addition, HBT has identified as a suitable candidate of an OEM by simultaneously photodetecting an intensity modulated laser beam at 1.55μm, frequency translating the detected signal to a higher or lower frequency which can provide high mixing efficiency up to 30GHz. The single HBT perform photodetection and low noise frequency [1]. The use of HBT has attracted much interest among researchers [3][4][5].…”

Performance characterization of an optoelectronic mixer (OEM) model based on nonlinear InP/InGaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor

“…Several works have been done in OEM applications employing either up-or down-conversion techniques [3,9,11,20,21]. However, as been reported [11,21], most of them were using SPICE based large signal model in their simulation.…”

“…Some other techniques were employing high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) [3,4], heterojunction phototransistor HPT [5][6][7], heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) [8][9][10][11], avalanche photodiodes (APDs) [12] and pin photodiodes (PDs) [13,14]. Another techniques that were claimed to have much lower up-conversion loss under high output photocurrent is uni-travelling carrier photodiodes (UTCPDs) based OEM [15] and recently near-ballistic UTC-PD (NBUTC-PD) [16] has been reported having up-conversion loss of 4.3 dB.…”

Photonic up-conversion frequency utilizing harmonic balance simulation analysis

“…These optoelectronic mixers and frequency conversions attract high awareness for the application to analog fiber communication. Several works have been done in OEM applications by employing either up-or down-conversion techniques [6][7][8][9][10]. Nevertheless, as been reported [8,10], most of them were using SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) software based large signal model in their simulation.…”