Healing effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Context Sumac [Rhus coriaria L. (RC) (Anacardiaceae)] is used as a folk medicine in the treatment of diabetes in Turkey. Objective This study investigates the in vivo healing and protective effects of lyophilized extract sumac against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic complications. Materials and methods Toxicity test was conducted in three different dosages (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of plant extracts, respectively). Six groups of seven rats each were used in experiments. Groups were designed as Normal control, Diabetic (DM), DM + AC-20 mg/kg, DM + Extract-100 mg/ kg, DM + Extract 250 mg/kg and DM + Extract 500 mg/kg group. Experimental diabetes [50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)] was induced by STZ. The effects of oral administration of the extract for 21 d on the level of serum glucose, insulin, C-peptide, lipid profile (LP), hepatic and renal damage biomarkers (HRDB), diabetic serum biomarkers (DSB), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), antioxidant defence system constituents (ADSCs), malondialdehyde (MDA) and a-glucosidase activity in small intestine tissue were evaluated. Results The extract decreased the levels of blood glucose in diabetic groups (an average of 31%). Triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein levels were balanced by plant extract (500 mg/kg) supplementation in the diabetic group. Decreased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (89%), alanine aminotransferase (91%), lactate dehydrogenase (35%), alkaline phosphatase (47%), creatinine (25%) and urea (29%) were detected in plant extract (500 mg/kg) supplemented diabetic group. Additionally, a considerable increase in the HRDB, DSB, LP, MDA and fluctuated ADSC levels were restored in RC-extract supplemented groups. Conclusion RC lyophilized extract has a healing effect on diabetes and diabetes-related complications.ARTICLE HISTORY

Protective Effects of Bryonia multiflora Extract on Pancreatic Beta Cells, Liver and Kidney of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Investigations

“…Pancreatic islets were found to be protected morphologically thanks to the treatment with plant extracts, and the immune response was reported to be enhanced for the insulin antibodies. 54,55 In this present study, DM group rats had a very weak insulin immunopositive reaction in the pancreatic islets compared to the control group. In acarbose and Bryonia multiflora extract groups, insulin antibody immunopositive areas were found to be increased significantly.…”

Special Issue: Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Plant Polyphenols

“…The red fruits of sumac are used as a very popular spice in Persian countries, either in their pure form or in combination with other spices, due to their sour lemon taste. According to the literature, sumac fruits possess a multitude of biological activities, including beneficial effects in vivo in streptozotocin-induced diabetes [23], lipid-lowering effects in hypercholesterolemic rats [24], cardioprotective effects in hyperlipidemic patients [25], and prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis [26]. Recently, our group demonstrated the beneficial effect of Rhus coriaria L. fruit extracts as preventive agents in the treatment of keratinocyte inflammation through their inhibition of skin pro-inflammatory mediators, including IL-8, MMP-9, ICAM-1, and VEGF [27].…”

A Review on Anti-diabetic Plants

“…Scoparia dulcis (Sweet Broomweed): The compounds coixol (11), glutinol (12), glutione (13), friedlin (14) and betulinic acid (15) isolated from S. dulcis demonstrated noticeable anti-diabetic action. However, coixol (11) were found to be very potent and mildly active in secreting insulin from mice with islet and MTN-6 pancreatic beta cells.…”

“…12 Spondias mombin: The leaves of S. mombin were found to suppress the production of glucose by inhibiting α-amylase/α-glucosidase activity which is one of the therapeutic approaches for decreasing postprandial hyperglycemia and a strategy for evaluating antidiabetic activity. 13 …”