Health and climate impacts of ocean-going vessels in East Asia

Liu, Huan; Fu, Mingliang; Jin, Xinxin; Shang, Yi; Shindell, D. T.; Faluvegi, G.; Shindell, Cary; He, Kebin

doi:10.1038/nclimate3083

Cited by 317 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Registration 20 information regarding nearly 7,600 RVs was acquired from local MDs. Liu et al (2016) reported that almost 18,000 ships navigated in the East Asian Sea, which supported the representativeness of samples used in this study. The LRS and MD registration databases provided the registration number, ship type and tonnage, major sea routes, fuel type, engine information, and other relevant information for emissions estimates.…”

Section: Port Distribution and Ship Activitysupporting

confidence: 58%

“…In comparison with the AIS dataset in East Asia for 2013 (Liu et al, 2016), approximately 10% of the AIS messages with continuous and complete ship trajectories were collected from LRS agents (www.shipxy.com) in this study. Based on this AIS dataset, ship activity profiles were 30 established by considering different regions, ship types and size categories, e.g.…”

Section: Port Distribution and Ship Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different emission estimation approaches were described for shipping emission inventories worldwide (Dalsoren et al, 2009), in East Asia (Liu et al, 2016), and on a regional scale . In this study, an AIS-based integrated approach were established to identify emissions contributions and their historical trends.…”

Section: Estimation Approaches 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Locally, 10 ship emission inventories are generally compiled in limited provinces and ports (Fu et al, 2012;Bao et al, 2014;Song, 2014;Tan et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2015), while in global inventories, ship emissions from China are of coarse temporal (monthly) and spatial (1°×1°) resolutions (Endresen et al, 2003;Corbett et al, 2007;Paxian et al, 2010). A recent study develops ship emission inventory in Asia with spatial resolution of 3 km×3 km (Liu et al, 2016), however, characteristics of coastal and 15 ship traffic emissions, sector-based contributions in Chinese ports and their temporal characteristics remain unknown. Furthermore, estimates from domestic (Fan et al, 2016;Li et al, 2016) and international studies (Endresen et al, 2003(Endresen et al, , 2007Corbett et al, 2003Corbett et al, , 2007 are associated with large uncertainties due to inconsistency in estimation approaches and data sources, thus hampering the formulation of an effective ship emissions control strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strengthened reduction efforts are needed to reduce the adverse impact of ambient PM2.5 on public health. In 5 comparison with tightened controls on power plants, industry and road vehicle sectors, controls on ship emissions, one of the most significant contributors to ambient PM2.5 pollution along the river and in coastal areas (Liu et al, 2016), are still lax in China. Ship emissions control have been put on the agenda of PM2.5 reduction in the coming years (Ye, 2014;Yang et al, 2015;Fu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Decadal evolution of ship emissions in China from 2004 to 2013 by using an integrated AIS-based approach and projection to 2040

Li¹,

Borken‐Kleefeld²,

Zheng³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Ship emissions contribute significantly to air pollution and pose health risks to residents of coastal areas in China, but the current accounting remains incomplete and coarse due to data availability and inaccuracy in estimation method. In this study, an Automatic Identification System 15 (AIS)-based integrated approach was developed to address this problem. This approach utilized Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

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Section: Port Distribution and Ship Activitysupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Port Distribution and Ship Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Estimation Approaches 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Decadal evolution of ship emissions in China from 2004 to 2013 by using an integrated AIS-based approach and projection to 2040

Li¹,

Borken‐Kleefeld²,

Zheng³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Maritime NO_x Emissions Over Chinese Seas Derived From Satellite Observations

Ding

Mijling

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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By applying an inversion algorithm to NOx satellite observations from Ozone Monitoring Instrument, monthly NOx emissions for a 10 year period (2007 to 2016) over Chinese seas are presented for the first time. No effective regulations on NOx emissions have been implemented for ships in China, which is reflected in the trend analysis of maritime emissions. The maritime emissions display a continuous increase rate of about 20% per year until 2012 and slow down to 3% after that. The seasonal cycle of shipping emissions has regional variations, but all regions show lower emissions during winter. Simulations by an atmospheric chemistry transport model show a notable influence of maritime emissions on air pollution over coastal areas, especially in summer. The satellite‐derived spatial distribution and the magnitude of maritime emissions over Chinese seas are in good agreement with bottom‐up studies based on the Automatic Identification System of ships.

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Desulfurization performance comparison of a 162‐kW marine diesel engine's exhaust gas based on two kinds of alkaline liquid scrubbing models

Kuang

Yang

et al. 2019

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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A cascade-scrubbing technology was proposed to improve the current oncethrough desulfurization solutions. Desulfurization experiments were performed for a 162-kW marine diesel engine's exhaust gas so as to confirm the alkali-lean/alkali-rich lye cascade-scrubbing advantages compared with the closed-loop solution. In the closed-loop scrubbing model, desulfurization efficiency presented multiple change patterns, such as initially decreasing but then increasing with the liquid-gas ratio, decreasing with SO 2 concentration, and increasing with Na/S. At the high SO 2 concentration of 2,860 mg/Nm 3 and Na/S = 2, desulfurization complying with emission control area's (ECA's) requirements necessitated a liquid-gas ratio above 4.5 L/Nm 3 . Although raising Na/S could decrease the liquid-gas ratio requirement, the alkali-utilization efficiency dropped. In the alkali-lean/alkali-rich lye cascade-scrubbing model under the same SO 2 and Na/S conditions, the auxiliary scrubbing section allowed a desulfurization capacity of 500-750 mg/Nm 3 with an alkali-rich liquid-gas ratio of 1-2 L/Nm 3 . With the alkali-rich lye fed at liquid-gas ratios of 1, 1.5, and 2 L/Nm 3 , the main scrubbing section's alkali-lean lye necessitated liquid-gas ratios of 2.8, 2.4, and 3.1 L/Nm 3 to comply with ECA's requirements, respectively. Two setups approaching the former two liquid-gas ratio assembles (i.e., a total liquid-gas ratio of 4 L/Nm 3 gaining a high alkali-utilization efficiency above 98%) thus confirmed that this cascade-scrubbing model was superior to the closed-loop solution in cutting the liquid-gas ratio requirement and alkali consumption, because of the latter necessitating a liquidgas ratio of 4.5 L/Nm 3 at Na/S = 2 or 4 L/Nm 3 at Na/S = 2.16 but with the alkali-utilization efficiency dropping below 91%.

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Health and climate impacts of ocean-going vessels in East Asia

Cited by 317 publications

References 25 publications

Decadal evolution of ship emissions in China from 2004 to 2013 by using an integrated AIS-based approach and projection to 2040

Decadal evolution of ship emissions in China from 2004 to 2013 by using an integrated AIS-based approach and projection to 2040

Maritime NO_x Emissions Over Chinese Seas Derived From Satellite Observations

Desulfurization performance comparison of a 162‐kW marine diesel engine's exhaust gas based on two kinds of alkaline liquid scrubbing models

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Health and climate impacts of ocean-going vessels in East Asia

Cited by 317 publications

References 25 publications

Decadal evolution of ship emissions in China from 2004 to 2013 by using an integrated AIS-based approach and projection to 2040

Decadal evolution of ship emissions in China from 2004 to 2013 by using an integrated AIS-based approach and projection to 2040

Maritime NOx Emissions Over Chinese Seas Derived From Satellite Observations

Desulfurization performance comparison of a 162‐kW marine diesel engine's exhaust gas based on two kinds of alkaline liquid scrubbing models

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Maritime NO_x Emissions Over Chinese Seas Derived From Satellite Observations