Health Behaviors and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients with Myocardial Infarction in Indonesia

Abstract

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Perilaku kesehatan sangat penting untuk mencegah kemungkinan terjadinya serangan jantung serta menjaga kesehatan pasien dengan infark miokard. Selain itu, pemeriksaan indikator klinis juga sangat penting untuk mengoptimalkan program pengobatan dan memonitor adanya faktor risiko serangan jantung. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menjelaskan perilaku kesehatan dan indikator klinis pasien dengan infark miokard di Indonesia; dan (2) menganalisis hubungan perilaku kesehatan pasien dengan indikator klinis dan variabel lain yang telah ditentukan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif korelasional dengan melibatkan 60 pasien dengan infark miokard. Hasil: Sebagian besar pasien berada pada tingkat cukup/sedang untuk perilaku kesehatan secara keseluruhan, perilaku berolahraga, perilaku diet, dan manajemen stres. Sebagian besar pasien juga memiliki tingkat kepatuhan yang tinggi terhadap pengobatan dan berhenti merokok. Selain itu, tekanan darah dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pasien dengan infark miokard juga berada pada level normal. Sebaliknya, lebih dari separuh pasien dengan infark miokard memiliki kadar gula darah dan kolesterol yang tinggi, serta HDL yang rendah. Selain itu, hampir setengah pasien menunjukkan kadar LDL dan trigliserida yang tinggi. Lebih lanjut, perilaku olahraga menunjukkan hubungan yang negatif terhadap kolesterol total dan LDL, namun jenis kelamin menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dengan perilaku kesehatan secara keseluruhan dan perilaku berhenti merokok. Selain itu, penghasilan pasien per bulan menunjukkan hubungan yang positif terhadap perilaku olahraga dan diet; frekuensi hospitalisasi menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dengan tekanan darah sistolik; dan program pengobatan infark miokard menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dengan perilaku kesehatan, perilaku berhenti merokok, dan tekanan darah. Diskusi: program rehabilitasi jantung sebaiknya juga mengikutsertakan perilaku kesehatan dan indikator klinis didalamnya sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya serangan jantung dan menjaga status kesehatan pasien dengan infark miokard. Indonesia; and (2) Kata kunci: infark miokard, perilaku kesehatan, indikator klinis ABSTRACT Introduction: Health behaviors are necessary for preventing possible cardiac events and maintaining health for MI patients. In addition to health behaviors, measuring clinical outcomes is a critical element for optimizing treatment and monitoring the risk factors of a cardiac event. The aims of this study were to (1) describe health behaviors and clinical outcomes among patients with myocardial infarction (MI) in

Patients’ Needs on Nutritional Counseling and Risk Factor Management Among Myocardial Infarction Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation

“…This descriptive correlational study reported that the majority of patients in this study were men (73.7%) and married (94.8 %) with a mean age of 56.37 years. These results are consistent with previous findings where 67% of myocardial infarction patients are male (Leifheit-Limson et al, 2013), with average age of participants was 56.33 years (Herliani et al, 2015). CVD requires proper longterm management to reduce cardiovascular disease burden (Chaves et al, 2016), reduce morbidity and premature mortality, improve quality of life and increase longevity (Germano et al, 2012).…”

“…The finding of previous research also supported that secondary prevention was not performed optimally to prevent recurrent MI. Healthcare professionals more focused on medical treatment, and less concern on prevention and rehabilitation (Herliani, Matchim, & Kritpracha, 2015).…”

Depression, Recurrence, and Perceptions of Physical Fitness among CHD Patients: A Comparison based on Participation in Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

“…Therefore, results indicate the effectiveness of CR program in improving the physical aspects of CHD patients. The findings also corroborate previous studies which found that CR is positively correlated with physical improvement and physical capacity of CHD patients (Herliani et al, 2015;Lavie et al, 2016;Lippi et al, 2016;Rutledge et al, 2013;Schopfer & Forman, 2016;Yohannes et al, 2010).…”

“…Several studies in Iran, the US, and the UK showed that psychological factors such as stress, anxiety and depression could be lowered through CR (Hoseini et al, 2013;Lavie et al, 2016;Mozafari et al, 2016;Yohannes et al, 2010). In contrast, several studies on phase II CR in Indonesia reclined more emphasis on the effects of CR on clinical outcomes, health behaviour, quality of life (Herliani et al, 2015;Rachma, 2018;Sutantri et al, 2019), and barriers to participating in CR (Stevani et al, 2018). Meanwhile, the effect of CR on the improvement of psychological conditions among CHD patients has not been found.…”

Exercise and Physical Activity Counseling Needs among Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients

“…Nevertheless, the current offering information for CR patients is only providing general information rather than patient considerations which result failure of patients to meet behavioral goal and recommendations (Boyde et al, 2015). The finding of previous research also supported that secondary prevention to prevent periodic MI was not conducted efficiently (Herliani et al, 2015). The needs for health education among coronary heart disease (CHD) patients is indicated can improve the awareness on CR.…”