Health Belief Model Interpretation of Compliance Factors in a Weight Loss and Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme

Abstract

The aim of the research was to establish the common and/or different factors associated with compliance or noncompliance in either a weight loss or a cardiac rehabilitation programme. A questionnaire was designed from a revised formulation of the original Health Belief Model and a pilot study was run on 22 weight loss and 13 cardiac subjects. The modified questionnaire was then completed by 37 compliers and 19 noncompliers with a weight loss programme and 11 compliers and 19 noncompliers with a cardiac rehabilitation programme. Compliance was associated with exercise enjoyment, self-motivation, and the need to stay on the programme. The major reasons for noncompliance were the complexity of the required behaviour changes, inconvenience, time constraints, and the ability to cope independently of the programmes. Particularly regarding the weight loss programme, noncompliance arising from the required simultaneous changes to eating and exercise patterns could be reduced by teaching alternative coping skills and realistic goal setting. Cardiac patients are faced with the life-threatening nature of their disease, but there is a lack of overt disease symptoms among weight loss subjects. This results in a need to inform obese subjects, preferably using a multi-disciplinary approach, about the health risks resulting from noncompliance.Die doel van die navorsing was om gemeenskaplike of onderskeidingsfaktore te bepaal wat die nakoming of nie-nakoming van 'n gewigverminderings-of 'n hart rehabilitasieprogram beinvloed. 'n Vraelys is ontwerp wat gegrond was op 'n hersiene formulering van die oorspronklike sogenaamde 'Health Belief Model'. 'n Loodsstudie is aanvanklik op 22 deelnemers aan 'n gewigvermindering-en 13 van 'n hart rehabilitasieprogram gedoen. Hierna is 'n aangepaste vraelys ingevul deur 37 proefpersone wat 'n gewigverminderingsprogram voltooi het en 19 wat uitgesak het. Eweneens is aangepaste vraelyste ook ingevul deur 11 proefpersone wat met 'n hart rehabilitasieprogram volgehou het en 19 wat uitgesak het. Bevindinge was soos volgs. Volharding is gekoppel aan selfmotivering, die genot van oefening, en die behoefte om by 'n program te hou. Die vernaamste redes waarom deelnemers in beide groepe nie volhard het nie, was weens die kompleksiteit van die gedragsverandering wat vereis is, die ongerief, tydbeperkings, en die vermes om die program onafhanklik te volg. By die gewigverminderingsprogram was dit veral die tweeledige vereiste van meer oefening en 'n verandering in eetgewoontes wat sukses beperk het. Volharding kan verhoog word deur realistiese doelwitstelling en alternatiewe hanteringmetodes aan te leer. Waar hartpasisnte 'n onbetwiste lewensgevaarlike kwaal in die gesig staar, is daar 'n gebrek aan soortgelyke duidelike simptome by diegene met gewigprobleme. Met laasgenoemde moet 'n rnultidissiplinere benadering gevolg word, ten einde hulle oor die gesondheidrisikos wat nie-volharding inhou, in te lig.

Health Behaviour Change following Persuasive Communication

“…This observation is in agreement with Janz and Becker (1984) and Frewen (1994) who found that motivation contributed significantly to understanding preventive health behaviour only in conjunction with other HBM variables.…”

“…All previous researchers have designed their own Health Belief Model questionnaire (Janz & Becker, 1984). The questionnaire on health beliefs used in this study is based on one developed by Frewen (1994). The questions were changed from ones specifically asking about coronary heart disease, obesity and related risk factors, to ones enquiring more generally about factors associated with leading a healthy lifestyle appropriate to a student papulation.…”

“I have chosen to live life abundantly”: Perceptions of leisure by adults who use Augmentative and Alternative Communication

“…This finding brings credence to the belief that developing skills to engage in recreation activities of sufficient scope and variety is important. Enjoyment motivates people to do things that contribute to their development (Massimmi, Csikszentmihalyi, & Delle Fave, 1988), and it also contributes to functional improvements (Frewen, Schomer, & Dunne, 1994;Paxton, Browning, & O'Connell, 1997). The more skills people master, the more likely it is that they will view an activity as presenting a manageable challenge (Deci, 1995;Fox & Sohlberg, 2000).…”