Health Benefits of Phenolic Compounds Against Cancers

Abstract

Phenolic compounds are the biggest group of phytochemicals, and many of them have been found in plant-based foods. Polyphenol-rich diets have been linked to many health beneits including cancer. The potential anti-carcinogenic mechanisms of action that have been so far identiied for phenolic compounds, as well as the feasibility reports occurred in vivo. In general terms, under the oxidative stress, polyphenols could act in those cellular mechanisms by participating in the modulation of the redox status and on multiple key elements in intracellular signal transduction pathways related to cell proliferation, diferentiation, apoptosis, inlammation, angiogenesis and metastasis. A protective role of polyphenols against carcinogenesis is supported by many studies carried out on animal models and diferent mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain such protective efects. Studies performed in animals have demonstrated that phenolic components can prevent and/or slow down the initiation-progression of diferent types of cancers. They act through the regulation of cell signal transduction and gene expression and exhibit either up or down regulation of genes controlling tumor development.

The Macrophage Responses during Diabetic Oral Ulcer Healing by Liquid Coconut Shell Smoke: An Immunohistochemical Analysis

“…However, the research conducted by the authors found that LC-SS has a significant inhibition effect on NF-κB (p = 0.046), although NF-κB expression in LC-SS is significantly lower than that in BHCl (p = 0.000). 22 This indicates that LC-SS affects NF-κB expression and activity in cells other than macrophages such as monocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells, and T lymphocytes. 23 Besides affecting macrophages, phenolic compounds in LC-SS utilize several potential pathways to inhibit NF-κB by THP-1-activated human monocytes, the degradation of IκBα in human mast cells and also directly impede dendritic cells.…”

Extracts Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Potential Immunomodulatory Activities of the Moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw.

“…Phenolic compounds and terpenoids possess the ability to prevent tumor cell progression by different antitumor mechanisms [ 16 , 43 ]. Generally, these compounds can modulate the redox status and act on cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.…”

Middle Eastern Plant Extracts: An Alternative to Modern Medicine Problems

“…The methanol extract of cactus roots has been used to study the effect on ethanol-induced ulcers in rats [61]. The methanolic root extract of O. ficus-indica has a high total phenolic content and results in high anti-oxidant activity by inactivating genotoxic molecules such as reactive oxygen species [111]. Rats treated with 80% ethanol showed an increase in the size of the gastric lesion in the stomach, and when the rats were treated with the methanol extract of the root at concentrations of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg, showed a reduction in the ulcer lesion by 49.21%, 83.13%, and 92.59%, respectively.…”