Health Impacts of Climate Change as Contained in Economic Models Estimating the Social Cost of Carbon Dioxide

Cromar, Kevin; Howard, Peter H.; Vásquez, Váleri N.; Anthoff, David

doi:10.1029/2021gh000405

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…SC-GHG estimates, and more specifically the health portion of these estimates, are highly sensitive to socioeconomic assumptions in these models ( 4 ). Effects of temperature may vary across socioeconomic conditions, a critical consideration for a wide range of adverse health outcomes highlighted explicitly by the respiratory, cardiovascular, and infectious disease subgroups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three reduced-form integrated assessment models (IAMs) currently used by the United States government to generate SC-GHG estimates for use in policy analysis substantially differ in their coverage of health endpoints and representation of impacts in their damage functions. Perhaps even more important than the differences in how health impacts are modeled in these IAMs is the fact the approaches to model health impacts in all three economic-climate models were largely developed without input or evaluation from health experts ( 4 ), despite health impacts being one of the primary motivators for climate action.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Global Health Impacts for Economic Models of Climate Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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Rationale Avoiding excess health damages attributable to climate change is a primary motivator for policy interventions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the health benefits of climate mitigation, as included in the policy assessment process, have been estimated without much input from health experts. Objectives In accordance with recommendations from the National Academies in a 2017 report on approaches to update the social cost of greenhouse gases (SC-GHG), an expert panel of 26 health researchers and climate economists gathered for a virtual technical workshop in May 2021 to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis and recommend improvements to the estimation of health impacts in economic-climate models. Methods Regionally resolved effect estimates of unit increases in temperature on net all-cause mortality risk were generated through random-effects pooling of studies identified through a systematic review. Results Effect estimates and associated uncertainties varied by global region, but net increases in mortality risk associated with increased average annual temperatures (ranging from 0.1% to 1.1% per 1°C) were estimated for all global regions. Key recommendations for the development and utilization of health damage modules were provided by the expert panel and included the following: not relying on individual methodologies in estimating health damages; incorporating a broader range of cause-specific mortality impacts; improving the climate parameters available in economic models; accounting for socioeconomic trajectories and adaptation factors when estimating health damages; and carefully considering how air pollution impacts should be incorporated in economic-climate models. Conclusions This work provides an example of how subject-matter experts can work alongside climate economists in making continued improvements to SC-GHG estimates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Health Impacts for Economic Models of Climate Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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“…CO 2 impacts health through a variety of pathways, including heat exposure, extreme weather events, wildfire smoke, dust storms, ozone pollution, aeroallergens, water-and vector-borne disease, and nutritional effects, among others (Smith et al, 2014;Romanello et al, 2021). While some studies have quantified health damages from CO 2 emissions for a particular country or region (e.g., Hutton and Menne, 2014;Rohat et al, 2018;Martinich and Crimmins, 2019) or through a particular exposure pathway (e.g., Silva et al, 2013;Cromar et al, 2022), currently no robust approach exists for estimating the overall global health damages of each ton of CO2 emissions (Scovronick et al, 2019;Cromar et al, 2021). A small number of articles look at local impacts from local GHG concentrations, e.g., Jacobson (2010) and Jacobson et al (2019).…”

Section: Sensitivity Around Health Data Argues For Engagement With He...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Integration of Health, Climate, and Air Quality Management Planning at the Urban Scale

Kleiman¹,

Anenberg

Appiah

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Cities

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Cities emit the majority of greenhouse gas emissions globally and are increasingly committing to aggressive mitigation actions. Cities are also experiencing poor—and in some cases worsening—air quality, contributing to large disease burdens for adults and children. Integrated planning frameworks can help cities leverage and prioritize measures that achieve climate, air quality, and health benefits simultaneously. We developed and applied an integrated climate action planning process that includes air quality, utilizing Pathways-AQ, a new assessment tool, in six pilot cities: Accra, Ghana; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Buenos Aires, Argentina; the metropolitan area of Guadalajara, Mexico; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Lima, Peru. Implementing the “ambitious” greenhouse gas reduction scenarios in these cities' climate action plans would reduce in-city contributions to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and would avoid 230–1,040 annual premature deaths per city, by 2050. This new integrated climate action planning process revealed the importance of (i) geographic scales of analysis, (ii) data integration across climate and air quality, (iii) local civic engagement, and (iv) nuanced health messaging. Rapidly scaling up and applying this integrated approach can broaden the group of municipal stakeholders involved in climate-related planning goals, potentially leading to greater ambition by integrating climate, air pollution, and health objectives.

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“…Climate change is anticipated to deliver weather-related events that include increasingly high temperatures, extreme weather events causing damage such as storms, high rainfall and flooding, droughts and sea level rise (Bolton et al, 2019;Jones et al, 2014;Royal Society of New Zealand/Te Apārangi, 2017). These climate change events have impacts on social and environmental determinants of health for Indigenous groups (Divakaran et al, 2016;Veenema et al, 2019), including clean air (Cromar et al, 2021;Owusu & Sarkodie, 2020), safe drinking water (Rankoana, 2022), sufficient food (Bhor & Kumar, 2016;Gunaratne et al, 2021), connections to land (Cunsolo Willox et al, 2012), and psychological well-being (Clayton, 2020). Recent literature claims that climate-sensitive health risks will be disproportionately experienced by the most vulnerable and disadvantaged (Mathiarasan & Hüls, 2021;Mayahara et al, 2022;Méndez et al, 2020;G.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022

MAI Journal

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This systematic review centres planning, policy and/or strategic developments and implementation of climate change adaptation with Indigenous groups in Australia, Pacific Islands, Canada and the United States. We used PRISMA protocols to search five databases. The search was organised around three core areas: Indigenous people groups, climate change strategic planning, and Indigenous knowledge and active participation. A total of 6,338 articles from five databases were identified. Records were screened by title and abstract, leaving 87 articles that were assessed by full text. A total of 22 studies were included. The He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework was used as a matrix to analyse included articles. While studies included Indigenous groups in their research, most did not score highly for active inclusion of Indigenous knowledge, integrated knowledge translation or systems change. In general, studies had mediocre processes of inclusion that resulted in average responses and modest influence in decision-making forums.

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Health Impacts of Climate Change as Contained in Economic Models Estimating the Social Cost of Carbon Dioxide

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

Global Health Impacts for Economic Models of Climate Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Global Health Impacts for Economic Models of Climate Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Enhanced Integration of Health, Climate, and Air Quality Management Planning at the Urban Scale

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