Health Implications of Fructose Consumption in Humans

Tappy, Luc

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26478-3_29-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…According to the global survey data on 195 countries, there are over 600 million obese adults and 100 million obese children [3]. The rise in the global prevalence of MetS has been attributed to the adoption of sedentary lifestyles that are characterised by low physical activity or exercise and the consumption of high-energy diets, especially those that contain fructose [4,5]. The excessive consumption of fructose causes the development of several negative health outcomes associated with metabolic dysfunction such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Neonatal Oral Administration of Oleanolic Acid Protects against Fructose-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Skeletal Muscles of Suckling Rats

et al. 2019

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Nutritional manipulations in the neonatal period are associated with the development of negative or positive health outcomes later in life. Excessive fructose consumption has been attributed to the increase in the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the development of oxidative stress. Oleanolic acid (OA) has anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. We investigated the protective potential of orally administering OA in the neonatal period, to prevent fructose-induced oxidative stress, adverse health outcomes and maturation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in suckling rats. Seven-day old Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 30) were gavaged daily with 10 mL/kg of: distilled water (DW), oleanolic acid (OA; 60 mg/kg), high fructose solution (HF; 20% w/v), or OAHF for 7 days. On day 14, tissue samples were collected to determine clinical health profiles, hepatic lipid content, and activity of anti-oxidant enzymes. Furthermore, biomarkers of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant capacity in the skeletal muscles were assessed. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphometry was measured. Rats in all groups grew over the 7-day treatment period. There were no significant differences in the terminal body masses, GIT morphometry, surrogate markers of general health, liver lipid content across all treatment groups (p < 0.05). Neonatal fructose administration decreased the activity of catalase, depleted GSH and increased lipid peroxidation. However, the level of GSH and catalase activity were improved by neonatal OA treatment. Short-term oral OA administration during the critical developmental period protects against fructose-induced oxidative stress without adverse effects on health outcomes associated with MetS or precocious development of the GIT in suckling male and female rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Neonatal Oral Administration of Oleanolic Acid Protects against Fructose-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Skeletal Muscles of Suckling Rats

et al. 2019

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“…As fructose is absorbed through a unique channel compared to that of glucose and galactose, and insulin is only directly responsive to changes in glucose, fructose was once hypothesized to be useful in the treatment of diabetes as fructose consumption would not be predicted to aggravate hyperinsulinemic states. However, since most fructose is converted to glucose within the liver, high-fructose diets still have the ability to raise blood glucose and stimulate insulin secretion (40). Furthermore, diets with a high percentage of fructose have found to promote significant metabolic alterations (41–44).…”

Section: Fructose Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Fructose Consumption and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Incidence

Strober

Brady

2019

Front. Endocrinol.

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In the past century the western world has found a way to combat most communicative diseases; however, throughout that time the prevalence of obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia have drastically increased. These symptoms characterize metabolic syndrome—a non-communicable disease which has become one of the greatest health hazards of the world. During this same time period the western diet had dramatically changed. Homecooked meals have been replaced by highly-processed, calorically dense foods. This conversion to the current western diet was highlighted by the incorporation of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) into sweetened beverages and foods. The consumption of large amounts of dietary sugar, and fructose in particular, has been associated with an altered metabolic state, both systemically and in specific tissues. This altered metabolic state has many profound effects and is associated with many diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and even cancer ( 1 ). Specific types of cancer, like triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), are both responsive to dietary factors and exceptionally difficult to treat, illustrating the possibility for preventative care through dietary intervention in at risk populations. To treat these non-communicable diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer, it is imperative to understand systemic and localized metabolic abnormalities that drive its progression. This review will specifically explore the links between increased dietary fructose consumption, development of metabolic disturbances and increased incidence of TNBC.

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The protective effect of neonatal oral administration of oleanolic acid against the subsequent development of fructose-induced metabolic dysfunction in male and female rats

2018

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BackgroundConsumption of fructose-rich diets has been implicated in the increasing global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Interventions during periods of early ontogenic developmental plasticity can cause epigenetic changes which program metabolism for positive or negative health benefits later in life. The phytochemical oleanolic acid (OA) possesses anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. We investigated the potential protective effects of neonatal administration of OA on the subsequent development of high fructose diet-induced metabolic dysfunction in rats.MethodMale and female (N = 112) suckling rats were randomly assigned to four groups and administered orally: distilled water (DW), oleanolic acid (OA; 60 mg/kg), high-fructose solution (HF; 20% w/v) or OA + HF for 7 days. The rats were weaned onto normal commercial rat chow up to day 55. From day 56, half of the rats in each treatment group were continued on plain water and the rest on a high fructose solution as drinking fluid for 8 weeks. On day 110, the rats were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test and then euthanased on day 112. Tissue and blood samples were collected to determine the effects of the treatments on visceral fat pad mass, fasting plasma levels of cholesterol, insulin, glucose, triglycerides, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glucose tolerance.ResultsRats which consumed fructose as neonates and then later as adults (HF + F) and those which consumed fructose only in adulthood (DW + F) had significant increases in terminal body mass (females only), visceral fat mass (males and females), serum triglycerides (females only), epididymal fat (males only), fasting plasma glucose (males and females), impaired glucose metabolism (females only), β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance (males and females) compared to the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). There were no differences in fasting serum cholesterol levels across all treatment groups in both male and female rats (P > 0.05).ConclusionWe conclude that neonatal oral administration of OA during the critical window of developmental plasticity protected against the development of health outcomes associated with fructose-induced metabolic disorders in the rats.

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Health Implications of Fructose Consumption in Humans

Cited by 3 publications

References 78 publications

Short-Term Neonatal Oral Administration of Oleanolic Acid Protects against Fructose-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Skeletal Muscles of Suckling Rats

Short-Term Neonatal Oral Administration of Oleanolic Acid Protects against Fructose-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Skeletal Muscles of Suckling Rats

Dietary Fructose Consumption and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Incidence

The protective effect of neonatal oral administration of oleanolic acid against the subsequent development of fructose-induced metabolic dysfunction in male and female rats

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