Health Risk Assessment from Exposure to Heavy Metals in Surface and Groundwater Resources within Barkin Ladi,  North Central Nigeria

Ramadan, Joyce Ayuba; Haruna, Ahmad Isah

doi:10.4236/gep.2019.72001

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…As shown in (Mohammadi et al, 2019). However, the cancer risk related to the exposure to Pb was in the medium class for both populations (USEPA, 2012; Ramadan and Haruna, 2019). Higher cancer risks related with exposure to the carcinogens examined via broiler meat were observed for the younger than the adults' population as reported by Kasozi et al (2021) and Samad et al (2023).…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

Sources and Health Risks of Inorganic Toxicants in Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Broilers) in Uyo, Nigeria

Etuk,

Ebong,

Anweting

et al. 2023

BJMAS

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Poultry-related foods are consumed as good and cheap sources of protein globally. This research investigated the levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in poultry feeds, water samples, and broilers obtained from poultry farms randomly sampled within Uyo Metropolis. These poultry-related products were obtained, treated, and analysed spectrophotometrically using standard analytical techniques. Results showed that, the concentrations of all the metals in poultry feeds and broiler meat were within their recommended limits however, mean levels of Cd and Fe in water sample was higher than their permissible limits. Concentrations in poultry feeds were generally higher than their levels in broiler meat. Multivariate analyses indentified varied factors responsible for the accumulation of these metals in feeds, water samples, and broiler meat examined. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of Cd, Fe, and Zn were higher than their oral reference doses (Rfds) for both the children and adults’ populations. The hazard quotients (HQ) of Cd, Fe, Pb, and Zn for both populations were also higher than one (1). The hazard index of the metals for populations were higher than one but, the children class were more susceptible to non-carcinogenic risks. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for the carcinogens varied between medium to very high cancer risk classes. The total cancer risk (TCR) for the children and adults’ populations were 1.54E-01 and 1.43E-01, respectively higher than the standard limits. The relative risk (RR) analysis identified Cd as metal with the highest potential to cause cancer and non-cancer risks in the consumers of broiler meat from the studied poultry farms. This study has indicated the significance of assessing poultry feeds and related products to establish to the quality.

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mentioning

confidence: 68%

Sources and Health Risks of Inorganic Toxicants in Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Broilers) in Uyo, Nigeria

Etuk,

Ebong,

Anweting

et al. 2023

BJMAS

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“…The mean ILCR values for exposure of adults via the studied river for Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr in Table 7 are 5.00E-03, 4.25E-05, 1.50E-03 and 2.51E-03, respectively (Table 7). Consequently, the cancer risk of Ni, Cd and Cr for adults via the studied river were in the very high cancer risk class while, Pb was in the medium cancer risk class 40,138 . The mean cancer risk associated with these metals for children through exposure to the studied river varied as follows: 1.90E-02, 1.45E-04, 5.00E-03 and 9.52E-03 for Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr, respectively.…”

Section: Cluster Analysis Of the Parametersmentioning

confidence: 90%

Physicochemistry of Iko River Channel in Nigeria and the Related Human Health Problems

Tombere,

Okokon Okon,

Ebong

et al. 2023

Asian J. Biol. Sci

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Background and Objective: Potable water is essential for all lives on earth however, the quality of water available in the oil producing area of Nigeria has been seriously degraded. This work was conducted at Nda Uko, Kampe, Utapete Flow Station, Iko, Emereoke and Jaja Creek along Iko River to establish its pollution status, cancer and non-cancer health risks associated with human exposure to the river. Materials and Methods: During this study, water samples were obtained at Nda Uko, Kampe, Utapete flow Station, Iko, Emereoke and Jaja Creek along Iko River in Eastern Obolo, Nigeria. Collection of samples was done for twelve months and a total of thirty-six composite samples were obtained and used for this study. Some parameters were determined in situ while other parameters were analysed in the laboratory using appropriate equipment. Samples for dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were obtained using brown BOD bottles while samples for metals analysis were treated with 1 mL of concentration HNO 3 before analysis. Data and multivariate analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Results: The TDS, DO, EC, turbidity, TH, ClG, SO 4 2 G, NO 2 G, PO 4 3 G, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd and Mn were higher. This was attributed mainly to the anthropogenic factor. Daily intake rates of Cd and Pb obtained were higher than the recommended reference daily doses. The Cd and Pb showed high potential for the non-cancer risks in both the children and adult populations. The total hazard indexes for both populations were higher than one. Cancer risks of Ni, Cd and Cr were very high however, the children were more susceptible. Conclusion: The total cancer risks (TCR) for both populations were higher than the acceptable limit with Ni being the main contributor.

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“… 0.0003 [56] , [57] Der. 0.000123 [57] , [58] CSF 1.5 [56] , [59] ABS 0.01 [60] Kp 0.001 [41] , [46] , [52] RfD (mg/kg/day), while CSF (mg/kg/day) and ABS (unitless). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health risks related to arsenic exposure in Ethiopia: A longitudinal study

Demissie,

Mekonen,

Awoke

et al. 2024

Toxicology Reports

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Health Risk Assessment from Exposure to Heavy Metals in Surface and Groundwater Resources within Barkin Ladi, North Central Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Sources and Health Risks of Inorganic Toxicants in Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Broilers) in Uyo, Nigeria

Sources and Health Risks of Inorganic Toxicants in Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Broilers) in Uyo, Nigeria

Physicochemistry of Iko River Channel in Nigeria and the Related Human Health Problems

Examining carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health risks related to arsenic exposure in Ethiopia: A longitudinal study

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