Health risk assessment of metals in chicken meat and liver in Egypt

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the concentration of metals such as aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), barium (Ba), bismuth (Bi), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) in 360 samples of poultry meat and liver from six brands (A, B, C, D, E, and F) in Assiut, Egypt; compare these concentrations with Egyptian and world permissible limits; and determine their safety for human consumption according to health risk assessment. Chest, thigh muscles, and liver were collected randomly from Assiut city markets, and the concentration of heavy metals was measured in the central laboratory of the faculty of agriculture at Assiut University using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). All the analyzed samples were positive for the tested metals and were far below the allowed maximum permissible limits except for Pb and Fe, which exceeded the Egyptian Organization for Standardization (EOS) permissible limits with 33% and 67%, respectively, as well as Pb and Cd, which exceeded FAO/WHO permissible limits with 94% and 17%, respectively. Health risk assessment revealed the safety and minimum health risk for human consumption of metal residues in poultry tissues and liver using estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TR). Even though the THQ and HI values were significantly lower than 1.0 during our study, heavy metal monitoring in poultry products and byproducts is required for human security and safety.

Sources and Health Risks of Inorganic Toxicants in Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Broilers) in Uyo, Nigeria

“…Factor one (F1) donated 65.6% of the total variance with significant influence by all the metals determined except Pb (Table 2). This could be attributed to contamination (anthropogenic factors) (Adamse et al, 2017;Aljohani, 2023;Kamaly and Sharkawy, 2023). Factor two (F2) contributed 22.8% to the entire variance with strong impact by Pb only (Table 2).…”

“…In spite of this, high levels of toxic metals in poultry meats and eggs have been reported (Korish and Attia, 2020;Aljohani, 2023). It has also been reported that, the consumption of contaminated poultry-related foods over time can expose the consumers to cancer and non-cancer risks (Bari et al, 2015;Kamaly and Sharkawy, 2023).…”

Influence of Geographical Origin on Isotopic and Elemental Compositions of Pork Meat

“…In addition, heavy metal contamination of foodstuffs, particularly meat, represents an increasing concern, and several studies [18][19][20][21] have been conducted to assess the health risks associated with heavy metal exposure through meat consumption. The estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TR) via meat intake were used to compute the heavy metal concentrations and assess the likely health risks posed to consumers.…”