Health risk assessment related to hydrogen peroxide presence in the workplace atmosphere – analytical methods evaluation for an innovative monitoring protocol

Mucci, Nicola; Dugheri, Stefano; Bonari, Alessandro; Farioli, Andrea; Rapisarda, Venerando; Garzaro, Giacomo; Cappelli, Giovanni; Arcangeli, Giulio

doi:10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01508

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Figure illustrates two approaches of detection–sample extraction and quantitative analysis using chromatography and spectrometry methods and the qualitative colorimetric method. Hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectants can be detected by colorimetric, UV–vis measurements, LC-MS, GC-MS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fluorescence spectroscopy, etc. ,, Alcohol-based disinfectants are usually measured by LC-MS and GC-MS methods. , …”

Section: Methods Of Monitoring Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrogen peroxide can produce mild gastrointestinal and eye irritations at frequently used concentrations of 3% or less. , Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide can cause mutagenic effects through DNA and protein damage in dilutions of 30% solution and can be life-threatening at concentrations of 75 ppm . Alcohol-based disinfectants appear to pose the lowest health and safety risks among healthcare workers .…”

Section: Impact On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Use of Disinfectants During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Potential Impacts on Health and Safety

Dewey

Jones

Keating

et al. 2021

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

113

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The COVID-19 pandemic has called for the increased use of disinfectants worldwide in public facilities, transportation, hospitals, nursing homes, wastewater treatment facilities, and even common households to mitigate virus burden. Active ingredients in common disinfectants recommended for use against COVID-19 viruses include chemicals such as quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), hydrogen peroxide, bleach (sodium hypochlorite), and alcohols. These disinfecting chemicals differ in their structures, properties, modes of action, environmental behaviors, and effects on human health upon exposure. Humans can be exposed to disinfecting chemicals mainly through dermal absorption, inhalation, and ingestion. The total exposure and relative contribution of each exposure route vary considerably among the disinfectants. QACs have been linked to occupational illnesses such as asthma and an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whereas excess use of bleach, hydrogen peroxide, or alcohol-based disinfectants can cause respiratory damage and has been linked to an increased risk of developing and controlling asthma. Recent studies showed that the presence of QACs in human blood has been associated with changes in health biomarkers such as an increase in inflammatory cytokines, decreased mitochondrial function, and disruption of cholesterol homeostasis in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, repeated human exposure to disinfectants during the pandemic has raised questions on exposure-related long-term health risks and occupational safety. Furthermore, in lieu of a lack of adequate knowledge and public awareness, these chemicals have been frequently used on porous surfaces, including fabrics/textiles and consumer plastics and even for disinfecting cloth facemasks, on which disinfectant chemical residues may persist for longer duration, causing potential degradation of plastic materials, releasing additives, and shedding microplastics. In addition, the increased use of these disinfectant chemicals and the subsequent discharge into wastewater may cause adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems, accumulation on vegetables, and contamination of the food chain via wastewater irrigation and sludge application. This article provides a well-rounded understanding of the most common disinfectants and reviews modes of action of those disinfectants, their interactions with aquatic and terrestrial environments, the exposure to humans, and potential impacts to human health and safety.

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Section: Methods Of Monitoring Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Use of Disinfectants During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Potential Impacts on Health and Safety

Dewey

Jones

Keating

et al. 2021

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The chemicals can be dangerous to handle and toxic. Hydrogen peroxide is dangerous to handle in large quantities and is an indiscriminate oxidizer, killing many organisms besides the cyanobacteria [17]. Copper salts are lethal agents for many organisms and can bioaccumulate in the ecosystem [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodic Addition of Glucose Suppressed Cyanobacterial Abundance in Additive Lake Water Samples during the Entire Bloom Season

Linz,

Struewing,

Sienkiewicz

et al. 2024

JWARP

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Previously, we showed that prophylactic addition of glucose to Harsha Lake water samples could inhibit cyanobacteria growth, at least for a short period of time. The current study tested cyanobacterial control with glucose for the entire Harsha Lake bloom season. Water samples (1000 ml) were collected weekly from Harsha Lake during the algal-bloom season starting June 9 and lasting until August 24, 2022. To each of two 7-liter polypropylene containers, 500 ml of Harsha Lake water was added, and the containers were placed in a controlled environment chamber. To one container labeled "Treated," 0.15 g of glucose was added, and nothing was added to the container labeled "Control." After that, three 25 ml samples from each container were collected and used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing each week. Then 1000 ml of Harsha Lake water was newly collected each week, with 500 ml added to each container, along with the addition of 0.15 g glucose to the "Treated" container. Sequencing data were used to examine differences in the composition of bacterial communities between Treated and Control containers. Treatment with glucose altered the microbial communities by 1) reducing taxonomic diversity, 2) largely eliminating cyanobacterial taxa, and 3) increasing the relative abundance of subsets of non-cyanobacterial taxa (such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota). These effects were observed across time despite weekly inputs derived directly from Lake water. The addition of glucose to a container receiving weekly additions of Lake water suppressed the cyanobacterial populations during the entire summer bloom season. The glucose appears to stimulate the diversity of certain bacterial taxa at the expense of the cyanobacteria.

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“…Algicides usually contain hydrogen peroxide, sometimes combined with an acid such as peroxyacetic acid, or the algicide is a formulation of copper (Cu) [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Hydrogen peroxide is toxic at high concentrations and is a strong oxidizer, which makes it dangerous to handle [ 8 ]. Copper is a toxic metal that can bioaccumulate in freshwater ecosystems [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic Addition of Glucose Suppresses Cyanobacterial Abundance in Lake Water

Vesper

Sienkiewicz

Struewing

et al. 2022

Life

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To mitigate harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs), toxic algicides have been used, but alternative methods of HCB prevention are needed. Our goal was to test the prophylactic addition of glucose to inhibit HCB development, using Microcystis and the toxin microcystin as the HCB model. Water samples were collected weekly, from 4 June to 2 July, from Harsha Lake in southwestern Ohio during the 2021 algal bloom season. From each weekly sample, a 25 mL aliquot was frozen for a 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Then, 200 mL of Harsha Lake water was added to each of the three culture flasks, and glucose was added to create concentrations of 0 mM (control), 1.39 mM, or 13.9 mM glucose, respectively. The microcystin concentration in each flask was measured after 1 and 2 weeks of incubation. The results showed an 80 to 90% reduction in microcystin concentrations in glucose-treated water compared to the control. At the end of the second week of incubation, a 25 mL sample was also obtained from each of the culture flasks for molecular analysis, including a 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR-based quantification of Microcystis target genes. Based on these analyses, the glucose-treated water contained significantly lower Microcystis and microcystin producing gene (mcy) copy numbers than the control. The 16S rRNA sequencing analysis also revealed that Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria were initially the most abundant bacterial phyla in the Harsha Lake water, but as the summer progressed, Cyanobacteria became the dominant phyla. However, in the glucose-treated water, the Cyanobacteria decreased and the Proteobacteria increased in weekly abundance compared to the control. This glucose-induced proteobacterial increase in abundance was driven primarily by increases in two distinct families of Proteobacteria: Devosiaceae and Rhizobiaceae. In conclusion, the prophylactic addition of glucose to Harsha Lake water samples reduced Cyanobacteria’s relative abundance, Microcystis numbers and microcystin concentrations and increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria compared to the control.

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Health risk assessment related to hydrogen peroxide presence in the workplace atmosphere – analytical methods evaluation for an innovative monitoring protocol

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Increased Use of Disinfectants During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Potential Impacts on Health and Safety

Increased Use of Disinfectants During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Potential Impacts on Health and Safety

Periodic Addition of Glucose Suppressed Cyanobacterial Abundance in Additive Lake Water Samples during the Entire Bloom Season

Prophylactic Addition of Glucose Suppresses Cyanobacterial Abundance in Lake Water

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