Healthcare-associated infections over an eight year period in a large university hospital in Sicily (Italy, 2011–2018)

Fiorino, Giusy Russo; Maniglia, Marialuisa; Marchese, Valentina; Aprea, L; Torregrossa, Maria Valeria; Campisi, Fabio; Favaro, Dario; Calamusa, Giuseppe; Amodio, Emanuele

doi:10.1177/17571774211012448

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Conversely, Enterococcus faecalis was more frequent in patients transferred from other hospital wards than those originating from the emergency department. Previous studies showed similar results, with changes in the oral bacteriobiota composition result from the exposure to hospital bacteria and each subsequent day of hospitalization increases the risk of Enterococci infections (Russo Fiorino et al, 2021). Moreover, E. coli and E. faecalis can employ antagonistic interactions against S. mutans (Thurnheer and Belibasakis, 2014), partially explaining our observations.…”

Section: Gregorczyksupporting

confidence: 85%

Cultivable oral bacteriota dysbiosis in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients

Gregorczyk-Maga

Fiema²,

Michal³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Potential interactions between the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the human oral microbiota are currently investigated widely. Patients with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting are at high risk of developing severe complications, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, thus making oral health management important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health status and assess the dysbiosis of cultivable oral bacteriota in COVID-19 patients hospitalized in an ICU with acute respiratory distress within 36 h following intubation. In this prospective cohort study, we recruited 56 adult COVID-19 patients that qualified for mechanical ventilation in the Temporary ICU for COVID-19 Patients of the University Hospital in Krakow. On admission to the ICU, oral health of patients was assessed using the modified Beck Oral Assessment Score (BOAS). Four oral habitats were sampled, namely the buccal mucosa, tongue, buccal dental surface and gingival pocket. Microorganisms were identified by MALDI/TOF mass spectrometry. The mean age of the study population was 66.5 ± 12.7 years, there were 24 (42.9%) females. All patients included in this study were intubated and ventilated in the ICU, with a corresponding high mortality rate (76.8%). On admission to ICU, 76.8% subjects scored 11–20 on the BOAS scale (median 12 [IQR 10–14]), indicating moderate or severe dysfunction of oral health. Potentially pathogenic bacteria were identified in the oral microbiota samples, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 23.2%, 39.3%, 17.9%, and 19.6% of patients, respectively. Lactobacillus spp. were present in 57.1% subjects. The mean CFU counts of all bacteria strains in dental brushes were 9.3E+5 (1.4E+6) and in gingival pockets 7.6E+5 (1.4E+6). The highest CFU counts were observed for Enterococcus spp. and, Lactobacillus spp., although these did not differ significantly from CFU counts of Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. In this report we comprehensively characterized the oral health condition and cultivable oral bacteriota in COVID-19 patients hospitalized in an ICU with acute respiratory distress within 36 h following intubation. The oral bacteriota showed significant qualitative and quantitative dysbiosis. Hospitalization in an ICU and mechanical ventilation are important factors leading to oral dysbiosis in SARS-CoV-2 patients.

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Section: Gregorczyksupporting

confidence: 85%

Cultivable oral bacteriota dysbiosis in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients

Gregorczyk-Maga

Fiema²,

Michal³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…HAIs identified in our study were more frequent in patients with fatal underlying disease, presented by McCabe classification, and patients in very large hospitals who had any or multiple invasive devices [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The reliability of the McCabe score in the prediction of HAIs has already been proven [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Microbiology of Healthcare-Associated Infections: Results of a Fourth National Point Prevalence Survey in Serbia

et al. 2022

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Millions of patients acquire healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) every year, putting them at risk for serious complications and prolonged hospitalization. Point prevalence surveys (PPS), guided by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control framework, are one of the primary methods by which countries in the European Union conduct surveillance of HAIs. Serbia, though not in the EU, implemented this approach in its national PPS. The microbiological and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) analyses comprised patients in 61 out of 65 hospitals included in the fourth PPS conducted in November 2017. A total of 515/12,380 (4.2%) of the adult patients included in the PPS had at least one HAI, with intensive care units carrying the highest prevalence of 15.9%. Urinary tract and surgical site infections were the most frequently identified types of HAIs (23.9% and 23.0%, respectively). Enterobacterales comprised almost half (47.0%) of all causative agents, most notably Klebsiella spp. (16.7%). AMR was very high for most pathogens—80.5% of nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to carbapenems whereas 62.9% of Enterobacterales were resistant to third generation cephalosporins. The calculated AMR index of 61% is one of the highest in Europe. Further efforts are needed to reduce the burden of HAIs in Serbia that carry very high resistance rates to antibiotics currently used in clinical practice.

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“…Preventable infections resulting from health care still represent a major concern for health institutions (Fiorino et al, 2021; Reynolds et al, 2022). Peripheral intravenous catheterization is the invasive procedure most performed in hospitalized pediatric patients and the harms caused either by incorrect insertion or by inadequate maintenance and handling jeopardize the safety of these patients (Berger et al, 2021; Ullman et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with the disinfection of devices attached to peripheral intravenous catheters performed by the nursing team in pediatric units

Silva,

dos Santos,

Kusahara

et al. 2024

Journal of Infection Prevention

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Background Peripheral intravenous catheterization, as well as drug administration through it, represents one of the most performed procedures by the Nursing team and, for that, precautions need to be adopted to offer harm-free care. Objective To verify the association of Nursing professionals’ work shift and training time with proper disinfection of intravenous catheter devices in pediatric units. Methods A cross-sectional and analytical study conducted between June and August 2021 in three hospitalization units of a Pediatric Hospital. The inclusion criterion was drug administration via peripheral intravenous catheters performed by Nursing professionals. The data were analyzed according to inferential statistics, adopting p ≤ .05 as significance level. Results There were a total of 385 observations of drug administration procedures. The device was not disinfected in 60.3% of the cases, there was no friction at the suitable time in 86.3%, and the disinfectant was not allowed to dry in 72.5%. The work shift exerted no influence on performance of the disinfection procedure ( p = .376). However, longer training time was associated with a lower rate in performing such procedure ( p < .001). Conclusion Performing friction below the recommended time can cause a false sense of prevention of catheter-associated bloodstream infection; therefore, training sessions and strategies for adherence to the disinfection procedures should be considered, mainly for professionals with more training time.

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Healthcare-associated infections over an eight year period in a large university hospital in Sicily (Italy, 2011–2018)

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Cultivable oral bacteriota dysbiosis in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients

Cultivable oral bacteriota dysbiosis in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients

Microbiology of Healthcare-Associated Infections: Results of a Fourth National Point Prevalence Survey in Serbia

Factors associated with the disinfection of devices attached to peripheral intravenous catheters performed by the nursing team in pediatric units

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