Healthcare Coverage and Affordability in Nigeria: An Alternative Model to Equitable Healthcare Delivery

Asakitikpi, Alex E.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.85978

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These informal healthcare providers are easily accessible to lower- and middle-class individuals which make up a larger proportion of the Nigerian population including in Imo and Kaduna States. 14 This was also evident in the significant average weekly client flow of 1–50 clients for both hypertension and diabetes services observed in this study. A similar finding was made in a study among primary care physicians in Nigeria where, on average, four hypertension patients were seen daily.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…11 Lack of awareness and general nonadherence to approved guidelines could be responsible for inadequate control being experienced in LMICs. 12,13 The majority of healthcare services in Nigeria including hypertension and diabetes care are accessed through public and private hospitals 14 and also from community pharmacies or patent proprietary medicine vendors (PPMVs). [15][16][17] Community pharmacists are legally mandated to sell and dispense ethical drugs in Nigeria while PPMVs acquire health training through apprenticeship and can sell only patent medicines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Hypertension and Diabetes Management Practices Among Healthcare Workers in Imo and Kaduna States, Nigeria: An Exploratory Study</p>

Anyanti¹,

Akuiyibo²,

Idogho³

et al. 2020

RMHP

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Introduction Effective management of hypertension and diabetes through accurate diagnosis and treatment can reduce the risk of complications and early deaths. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study aimed at determining practices regarding hypertension and type 2 diabetes management among healthcare providers in Kaduna and Imo States, Nigeria. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire consisting of questions across four major domains: 1) screening; 2) diagnosis; 3) pharmacological; and 4) non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension and diabetes. Results A total of 77 healthcare providers were interviewed and they included; 20 (26.5%) medical doctors, 25 (32.5%) nurses/midwives, 18 (23.4%) community health extension workers and 3 (3.9%) pharmacists. Almost half (46.8%) of the respondents indicated that they prioritize routine blood pressure (BP) checks among all adult patients while only 30 (39.0%) and 8 (10.4%) correctly identified the diagnostic criteria for hypertension and diabetes, respectively. Calcium chain blockers only were the most prescribed medication for treatment of hypertension across all stages of hypertension while metformin (glucophage) was stated as the preferred medication prescribed for controlling blood glucose levels among the respondents. Only 32.5% of the respondents stated that they have a means in place in their facilities to ensure that hypertension and diabetes patients adhere to follow-on visit recommendations. Conclusion A significant knowledge gap was identified in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and diabetes among the respondents due to unavailability of properly outlined management guidelines for these conditions for the different cadres of healthcare workers in Nigeria. There is a need for the development and wide distribution of guidelines highlighting cadre-specific roles for healthcare providers in hypertension and diabetes management and standard operating procedures based on such guidelines should be available at various points of care to ensure better treatment outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Hypertension and Diabetes Management Practices Among Healthcare Workers in Imo and Kaduna States, Nigeria: An Exploratory Study</p>

Anyanti¹,

Akuiyibo²,

Idogho³

et al. 2020

RMHP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, only 10.0% of the Nigerian population has health insurance coverage. 24 It could be argued that people who make out-of-pocket payments would most profoundly experience the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on income generation and therefore their purchasing power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Consumers’ Access to Essential Medicines in Nigeria

Awucha

Janefrances

Meshach

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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COVID-19 is a global pandemic which has seriously impacted the economy of nations. Access to essential medicines is of utmost importance. This study examined the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the ease of access to essential medicines by end users. A cross-sectional survey using electronic questionnaires was conducted on study participants across the 36 states of Nigeria. They were assessed on sociodemographics, health characteristics, and challenges in accessing essential medicines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 20, IBM, Armonk, NY) with overall impact of the pandemic operationalized as < 60.0% or ³ 60.0% access to essential medicines by respondents as maximal and minimal impact, respectively. The results showed that 35.2% of the respondents managing chronic illnesses had difficulties accessing essential medicines during the COVID-19 lockdown, with 84.0% experiencing deteriorating chronic health conditions in the light of difficulty in accessing their medicines. The proportion of respondents who sourced for orthodox medicines before COVID-19 lockdown (98.4%) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of those who sourced for the same during the lockdown (89.0%). Increase in cost of medicines was observed by 77.7% of participants, with 73.9% of respondents living with chronic illness affirming that their income was negatively affected by the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic had minimal impact on consumers' ability to access essential medicines. However, important challenges identified were poor availability of means of transportation, reduced income, and high cost of medicines, as well as fear of contracting the virus.

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“…Figure 1 depicts cycle of neglect that occupational health in developing countries is experiencing. 53 . In addition, the level of awareness of NHIS among entrepreneurs in the informal sector is very low and this prevents them from benefiting from the programme 54 .…”

Section: Ohs Situation Analysis For Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace Health and Safety in the Informal Sector: A Case Study of Nigeria Informal Entrepreneurs

Afolabi¹

2019

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Research in Business, Management and Economics

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Over half of the labour force in developing countries is employed in the small scale enterprises in the informal sector of the economy. In these enterprises, health and safety hazards are high, but existing occupational health and safety (OHS) policies and services are poorly implemented. This puts many business owners in developing countries at undue risk of fatal or non-fatal work-related health problems and associated medical costs and economic hardship. This paper examines the OHS challenges of entrepreneurs in the informal sector. The objective is to identify the OHS challenges and the stakeholders that could bring improvement. The paper reviews existing published and grey literatures gathered through desk search of electronic databases. All studies providing outcome data on OHS among informal workers were assessed for the rigor of each study. It identifies various challenges to OHS such as ignorance of occupational hazards; lack of OHS regulation in informal sector; ignorance of OHS issues and National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) coverage to informal sector. Suggestions made to overcome these challenges include commitment on the part of government, harnessing the activities of various stakeholders that were identified in controlling occupational hazards, and functional trade union that will provide OHS support to members. The study concludes by suggesting more empirical research on the subject matter.

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Healthcare Coverage and Affordability in Nigeria: An Alternative Model to Equitable Healthcare Delivery

Cited by 38 publications

References 13 publications

<p>Hypertension and Diabetes Management Practices Among Healthcare Workers in Imo and Kaduna States, Nigeria: An Exploratory Study</p>

<p>Hypertension and Diabetes Management Practices Among Healthcare Workers in Imo and Kaduna States, Nigeria: An Exploratory Study</p>

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Consumers’ Access to Essential Medicines in Nigeria

Workplace Health and Safety in the Informal Sector: A Case Study of Nigeria Informal Entrepreneurs

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