Healthy eating for infants–mothers’actions

Stordy, BJ; Redfern, AM; Morgan, Jane

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13746.x

“…A transição da alimentação do lactente representada pela introdução de alimentos sólidos em sua dieta é influenciada não somente pelas necessidades nutricionais, mas pelos padrões culturais de cada região 2 . O período de transição é realizado muitas vezes de maneira imprópria, no entanto, são raros os estudos sobre a composição química de alimentos para lactentes preparados no domicílio 3,4 . Os resultados desses estudos indicam que a quantidade de sódio é excessiva, e a de ferro, insuficiente.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Excess sodium and insufficient iron content in complementary foods

Portella¹,

Morais²,

Morais³

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To determine, by chemical analysis, the macronutrient, energy, sodium, and iron contents of homemade foods prepared for infants in two socioeconomic classes in Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. Methods:Cross-sectional study of 78 infants (aged 6 to 18 months) distributed into two groups according to socioeconomic status (high or low). Chemical analyses were performed on samples of homemade complementary foods prepared for each infant's lunch. Daily food intake was estimated on the basis of two 24-hour dietary intake recall. Results:Chemical analyses showed that the energy content of some food samples was lower than recommended, both in the low socioeconomic status (SES) group (29.8% of samples) and in the high-SES group (43.0%; p = 0.199). The iron content of all samples, regardless of group, was lower than minimum recommended levels (6.0 mg/100 g). On the other hand, excessive sodium levels (200 mg/100 g) were found in 89.2 and 31.7% of samples in the low-and high-SES groups, respectively (p = 0.027). Dietary recalls showed that energy intake exceeded 120% of the Estimated Energy Requirement in 86.5% of infants in the low-SES group and 92.7% of those in the high-SES group (p = 0.483). Lunch and dinner provided 35.2±14.6 and 36.4±12.0% of daily energy intake in the low-and high-SES groups, respectively (p = 0.692). Conclusion:Homemade complementary foods for infants were found to be low in iron. A significant portion of samples had excessive sodium content, most frequently those prepared for infants in low-SES families.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010;86(4):303-310: Infant food, food composition, food analysis, nutritional status. ResumoObjetivos: Determinar, por análise química, a composição nutricional de macronutrientes, energia, sódio e ferro de alimentos preparados no domicílio para lactentes de dois estratos socioeconômicos em Belém (PA).Métodos: Estudo transversal com 78 lactentes (6 a 18 meses) distribuídos em dois grupos com condição socioeconômica alta ou baixa. Foi realizada análise química de amostras de alimentos de transição preparados no domicílio para o almoço. Foi estimada a ingestão alimentar diária, com base em dois inquéritos alimentares de 24 horas. Resultados:As análises químicas revelaram que parcela das amostras dos alimentos apresentava baixo teor de energia em relação ao recomendado, tanto no estrato socioeconômico baixo (29,8%) como no alto (43,0%; p = 0,199). Todas as amostras analisadas, em ambos os grupos, apresentaram quantidade de ferro abaixo do míni-mo recomendado (6,0 mg/100 g). Por outro lado, excesso de sódio (200 mg/100 g) foi constatado em 89,2 e 31,7%, respectivamente, das amostras dos grupos de baixo e alto nível socioeconômico (p = 0,027). De acordo com os inquéritos alimentares, a estimativa da ingestão energética foi maior que 120% da necessidade média estimada em 86,5% dos lactentes do grupo de nível socioeconômico baixo e em 92,7% do alto (p = 0,483). O almoço e o jantar forneceram 35,2±14,6 e 36,4±12,0% da energia, respectivamente, nos grupos de baixo e alto ...

show abstract

“…There is increasing evidence of non-compliance with these recommendations,2 and there is debate as to the seriousness of non-compliance with some of them 34 In addition, maternal attitudes to weaning are often inappropriate and misinformed5; in some cases this can lead to unsuitable weaning diets 6…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaning practice in the Glasgow longitudinal infant growth study

Savage¹,

Reilly²,

Edwards³

et al. 1998

Archives of Disease in Childhood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims-To assess compliance with Department of Health guidelines on weaning practice in a representative sample of 127 infants from Glasgow, and to identify factors influencing timing of weaning. Methods-Questionnaires on feeding and weaning were completed during home visits. Ninety eight mothers completed a further questionnaire on attitudes to weaning Results-Median age at introduction of solid food was 11 weeks (range 4-35 weeks); only 7% of infants had not been weaned before age 4 months. There was no diVerence in timing of weaning between boys and girls. Younger mothers (< 20 years old), those of lower socioeconomic status, and those who formula fed their infants tended to introduce solids earlier. Infants who were heaviest before weaning were weaned earlier. Seventy three of 98 mothers reported that they weaned their babies because they felt that they required more food. Sources of information influencing time of weaning were previous experience (53/98), books and leaflets (43/98), advice from the health visitor (31/98), and family and friends (15/98). Sixty five of 98 mothers reported receiving formal information on weaning, in most cases (54) this was from the health visitor. Mothers who received formal information tended to wean their infants later. Two per cent of infants had been given cow's milk as a main drink by age 6 months, 17% by 9 months, and 45% by the end of the first year. Conclusion-Compliance with recommendations on timing of weaning (not before 4 months), weaning foods, and cow's milk consumption in Glasgow is poor, although no poorer than in many other areas of the UK as found by OYce of Population, Censuses and Surveys. Public health messages in relation to weaning may not be reaching their target audience. (Arch Dis Child 1998;79:153-156)

show abstract

“…The difference in meal quality between both socioeconomic groups was apparent in one of the most in Spain 4 and England, 3 found excess sodium levels in 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marcia Bitar Portella, 1 Tania Beninga de Morais, 2 Mauro Batista de Morais 3 be associated with higher blood pressure in childhood and adulthood. 5,6 Furthermore, iron deficiency is highly prevalent among infants in several regions across the world, 7 and complementary foods should be iron-rich in order to prevent this nutritional deficit disorder.…”

Section: Excess Sodium and Insufficient Iron Content In Complementarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 This transition is often conducted inappropriately; nonetheless, there have been few studies on the chemical composition of homemade infant foods. 3,4 These studies have shown that homemade infant foods contain excessive amounts of sodium and provide insufficient iron. Worthy of note, the sodium content of complementary infant foods may determine future preference for salty foods, and may also…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Excesso de sódio e déficit de ferro em alimentos de transição

Portella¹,

Morais²,

Morais³

2010

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

1

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To determine, by chemical analysis, the macronutrient, energy, sodium, and iron contents of homemade foods prepared for infants in two socioeconomic classes in Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. Methods:Cross-sectional study of 78 infants (aged 6 to 18 months) distributed into two groups according to socioeconomic status (high or low). Chemical analyses were performed on samples of homemade complementary foods prepared for each infant's lunch. Daily food intake was estimated on the basis of two 24-hour dietary intake recall.Results: Chemical analyses showed that the energy content of some food samples was lower than recommended, both in the low socioeconomic status (SES) group (29.8% of samples) and in the high-SES group (43.0%; p = 0.199). The iron content of all samples, regardless of group, was lower than minimum recommended levels (6.0 mg/100 g). On the other hand, excessive sodium levels (200 mg/100 g) were found in 89.2 and 31.7% of samples in the low-and high-SES groups, respectively (p = 0.027). Dietary recalls showed that energy intake exceeded 120% of the Estimated Energy Requirement in 86.5% of infants in the low-SES group and 92.7% of those in the high-SES group (p = 0.483). Lunch and dinner provided 35.2±14.6 and 36.4±12.0% of daily energy intake in the low-and high-SES groups, respectively (p = 0.692). Conclusion:Homemade complementary foods for infants were found to be low in iron. A significant portion of samples had excessive sodium content, most frequently those prepared for infants in low-SES families.

show abstract

Healthy eating for infants–mothers’actions

Cited by 31 publications

References 7 publications

Excess sodium and insufficient iron content in complementary foods

Excess sodium and insufficient iron content in complementary foods

Weaning practice in the Glasgow longitudinal infant growth study

Excesso de sódio e déficit de ferro em alimentos de transição

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About