HEART AND SCAPHOGNATHITE RATE CHANGES IN A EURYHALINE CRAB,<i>CARCINUS MAENAS</i>, EXPOSED TO DILUTE ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIUM

Hume, Richard I.; Berlind, Allan

doi:10.2307/1540471

Cited by 51 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast to work on unfed osmoregulating crabs, which exhibit an increase in oxygen uptake and heart rate during low salinity exposure (King, 1965;Engel et al, 1975;Hume and Berlind, 1976;Taylor, 1977;McGaw and McMahon, 1996;McGaw and Reiber, 1998), unfed Cancer gracilis react with a pronounced decrease in cardiac and respiratory parameters. However, when postprandial Cancer gracilis encounter low salinity, the bradycardia is absent and the reduction in oxygen uptake is of shorter duration than in unfed crabs (McGaw, 2006b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, Cancer gracilis II. Gastric evacuation and motility

McGaw

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Pyloric contractions decreased at each salinity within 2-4·h after feeding. Contraction rates of the pyloric chamber were significantly lower in 60%SW compared with 100%SW and 80%SW. During a salinity cycle there was also slowing of gut contractions and food passage through the gut system. Pre-treatment levels were only regained slowly when the animals were returned to 100%SW. Cancer gracilis was able to slow digestion during low salinity exposure, which may spare resources for other systems. However, the crabs could not halt digestion completely and may be committed to protein synthesis once intracellular digestion has begun.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, Cancer gracilis II. Gastric evacuation and motility

McGaw

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Because of the rapid isolation response as well as diffusive ion loss into a closed area, the water in the branchial chamber is held at a higher osmolality than the surrounding water (D. L. Curtis, E. K. Jensen and I. J. McGaw, manuscript submitted for publication). At the same time, the decreased cardiac output would result in a higher haemolymph residence time in the gills, which reduces the average exchange gradient for inward movement of water and diffusive ion loss (Cornell, 1973;Hume and Berlind, 1976). The sealed chamber and a decreased blood flow through the gills resulted in a reduction in oxygen uptake (Fig.·4B).…”

Section: Feeding and Low Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the increase in respiratory and cardiovascular studies, a pattern is now emerging, to which many decapod crustaceans conform. The efficient osmoregulators remain active, increasing cardiac and respiratory parameters (Dehnel, 1960;King, 1965;Engel et al, 1975;Hume and Berlind, 1976;Cumberlidge and Uglow, 1977;Taylor, 1977;Spaargaren, 1982;Guerin and Stickle, 1992;McGaw and Reiber, 1998). Weaker regulators tend to become inactive (Sugarman et al, 1983;McGaw et al, 1999) and show no change in oxygen uptake (Brown and Terwilliger, 1999) and mixed cardiac responses (McGaw and McMahon, 1996;McGaw and McMahon, 2003;McGaw, 2006a;Dufort et al, 2001).…”

Section: Feeding and Low Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within this field there is a growing body of literature on the cardiovascular and respiratory responses of decapod crustaceans to low salinity. The most common response to low salinity is a pronounced tachycardia (Hume and Berlind, 1976;Cumberlidge and Uglow, 1977;Spaargaren, 1982;McGaw and McMahon, 1996;McGaw and McMahon, 2003;McGaw and Reiber, 1998;Dufort et al, 2001;McGaw, 2006a). This is coupled with an increase in oxygen uptake (Dehnel, 1960;King, 1965;Engel et al, 1975;Taylor, 1977;Guerin and Stickle, 1992;Jury et al, 1994), which is driven by an increased scaphognathite beat frequency (McGaw and McMahon, 1996;Dufort et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, Cancer gracilis I. Cardiovascular and respiratory responses

McGaw

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY The osmoregulatory physiology of decapod crustaceans has received extensive attention. Within this field there is a growing body of literature on cardiovascular and respiratory responses to low salinity. Most species exhibit a tachycardia coupled with an increase in ventilation rate and oxygen uptake. However, these previous experiments were conducted on animals that were starved prior to experimentation in order to avoid increases in metabolism associated with digestive processes. Because organisms are not necessarily starved prior to experiencing environmental perturbations, results from previous experiments may not represent natural physiological responses. The present study investigated how an osmoconforming decapod, the graceful crab Cancer gracilis, balanced the demands of physiological systems(prioritization or additivity of events) during feeding and digestion in a low salinity environment. Cancer gracilis exhibited a typical increase in oxygen uptake and less pronounced increases in cardiovascular variables (heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output) during feeding in 100% seawater. In 3-day starved crabs, exposure to 65% seawater resulted in a pronounced bradycardia,with a concomitant decrease in cardiac output and haemolymph flow rates and a temporary decrease in oxygen uptake. When crabs were exposed to low salinity,3 h and 24 h after food ingestion, heart rate increased slightly and cardiac output and ventilation rates remained stable. Although oxygen uptake decreased transiently, feeding levels were quickly regained. During a recovery phase in 100%SW there was an overshoot in parameters, suggesting repayment of an oxygen debt. Thus, it appears that feeding and digestion are prioritized in this species, allowing it to survive acute exposure to hyposaline water. Furthermore, the results show that the nutritional state of an animal is important in modulating its physiological responses to environmental perturbations. This underscores the importance of studying physiological responses at the whole organism level under conditions closely approximating those of the natural environment.

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“…Among the six investigated brachyurans, Carcinus maenas has the second highest water content (86.9%) shortly after moult. C. maenas is an efficient osmoregulator (Siebers et al 1972;Taylor et al 1977;Hume and Berlind 1976), which might explain at least partly the increased uptake of water.…”

Section: The Existence Of a Standard Condition After Moultingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method to determine in situ growth rates of decapod shrimp: a case study with brown shrimp Crangon crangon

Perger

Temming

2012

Mar Biol

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Shrimps are economically and ecologically very important, yet a lack of ageing techniques and hence unknown growth rates often impairs analytical assessments and management. A new method for the determination of in situ growth rates of shrimps is presented, based on dry weight condition. Since this index oscillates from low values directly after moult to highest values prior to moult in constantly feeding shrimp, the lowest observed premoult condition followed by a moult was introduced as a reference value to separate growing and starving individuals in field data. Experiments with Crangon crangon confirmed that (1) post-moult condition varies in a narrow physiologically optimal range, regardless of recent growth increments, and (2) dry weight condition prior to moult is closely related to the subsequent length increment. The method was applied to estimate growth increments from in situ dry weight condition data of C. crangon. The new method can easily be applied to other related species, since the required data can be obtained from very simple shortterm experiments.

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HEART AND SCAPHOGNATHITE RATE CHANGES IN A EURYHALINE CRAB,CARCINUS MAENAS, EXPOSED TO DILUTE ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIUM

Abstract: The mechanisms by which some crustaceans permanently or temporarily maintain their body fluids at osmotic or ionic concentrations different from those of their environment include the active transport of ions across the gills and other surfaces (

Cited by 51 publications

References 36 publications

Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, Cancer gracilis II. Gastric evacuation and motility

Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, Cancer gracilis II. Gastric evacuation and motility

Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, Cancer gracilis I. Cardiovascular and respiratory responses

A new method to determine in situ growth rates of decapod shrimp: a case study with brown shrimp Crangon crangon

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