Heart Disease and the Liver

Gonzalez, Anne Knoll Koehne de; Lefkowitch, Jay H.

doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2017.01.012

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The pathologic hallmark of IH is hepato cellular necrosis in the centrilobular zone, known as hepatic centrilobular necrosis (1). Ischemic hepatitis has also been referred to in the literature as "hypoxic hepatitis" (HH) or "shock liver".…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ischemic Hepatitis – Intercorrelated Pathology

Ciobanu

Gherasim

2018

Maedica

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morphological pattern is centrilobular congestion (1,2). Conge s-tive hepatopathy may precede the onset of ischemic hepatitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ischemic Hepatitis – Intercorrelated Pathology

Ciobanu

Gherasim

2018

Maedica

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“…Thus, the term hypoxic hepatitis together with ACLI is currently used to name this entity. Some authors believe that ACLI provides more details about the underlying pathophysiological process as an acute cardiac event in a patient with an underlying congestive liver represents the most common clinical scenario [2,5,24,25].…”

Section: Acute Cardiogenic Liver Injury (Acli)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It will show features of coagulative necrosis of centrilobular hepatocytes without significant inflammation (Figure 2A-C). In biopsies delayed several days, however, there may be neutrophils infiltrating the affected regions [25]. As already stated, necrosis rarely occurs predominantly in the middle zone [38][39][40].…”

Section: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liver disease as a consequence of HF has been known for a long time. The histological description of the "nutmeg," congestive liver is attributed to Kiernan in 1833 [25,47]. Earlier studies from the beginning of the twentieth century started providing data on the structural and functional changes that develop in the liver in the setting of HF [47,48].…”

Section: Congestive Hepatopathy (Ch)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Hepatopathy

Fortea¹,

Puente²,

Cuadrado³

et al. 2021

Liver Pathology

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Liver disease resulting from heart disease has generally been referred as "cardiac hepatopathy." The two main forms of cardiac hepatopathy are acute cardiogenic liver injury (ACLI) and congestive hepatopathy (CH). ACLI most commonly occurs in the setting of acute cardiocirculatory failure, whereas CH results from passive venous congestion in the setting of chronic right-sided heart failure (HF). Both conditions often coexist and potentiate the deleterious effects of each other on the liver. In CH, the chronic passive congestion leads to sinusoidal hypertension, centrilobular fibrosis, and ultimately, cirrhosis ("cardiac cirrhosis") and hepatocellular carcinoma. The differentiation between congestion and fibrosis currently represents an unmet need and a growing research area. Although cardiac cirrhosis may only arise after several decades of ongoing injury, the long-term survival of cardiac patients due to advances in medical and surgical treatments is responsible for the increased number of liver complications in this setting. Eventually, the liver disease could become as clinically relevant as the cardiac disease and further complicate its management.

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