Heart rate and stroke volume response patterns to augmented orthostatic stress

Goswami, Nandu; Roessler, Andreas; Lackner, Helmut; Schneditz, Daniel; Grasser, Erik Konrad; Hinghofer‐Szalkay, Helmut

doi:10.1007/s10286-009-0001-x

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(37 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Differences in the time courses of the stroke volume responses were seen in the first 2.5 min when comparing mental challenge with orthostatic challenge or combinations of both. This is not surprising as posture changes, present in orthostatic and combined protocol, are associated with reductions in stroke volume (Goswami et al, 2009c). Upon resumption of the supine posture, and as shown in the initial recovery phase, the increases in stroke volume could be attributed to increased venous return.…”

Section: Early Term Recoverymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…This could be attributed to the increased sympathetic activity (LF component of HR variability) observed during this period. As the increased peripheral resistance contributes to the maintenance of blood pressure (Goswami et al, 2009c), it is not surprising that when comparing post stress effects of different stressors, mean arterial and diastolic pressures were higher after 10 min, particularly in the combined protocol. This also has clinical application, as total peripheral resistance (increased in hypertensives) responses have been linked with markers of disease risk (Goldberg et al, 1996).…”

Section: Late Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rate of cardiovascular recovery to combined or separate orthostatic and mental challenges

Goswami¹,

Lackner

Papousek

et al. 2010

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Post stress neurovascular responses induced by physical and mental stress are poorly understood. We investigated the time course of cardiovascular and autonomic recovery, induced by orthostatic and mental challenge, using passive head up tilt (HUT) and mental arithmetic (MA), respectively, when applied singly (MA, HUT) or in combination (MA + HUT). Fifteen healthy males participated in three protocols: HUT, MA and combined MA + HUT, with sessions randomized and 2 weeks apart. Post stress responses were studied in the first 10 min (early; cardiovascular only) and 30 min (late), in 2.5 min epochs. A detailed analysis of early period was done in 30 s epochs. Within the first 2.5 min recovery, time courses of heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output differed significantly, particularly when comparing HUT vs. MA and MA + HUT vs. MA. Additionally, heart rate response differed in HUT vs. MA + HUT. No differences in hemodynamic recovery were seen during the next 2.5 min. Late responses of heart rate and cardiac output showed significantly lower values as compared to baseline, especially for HUT and MA + HUT. Recovery of hemodynamic responses, either due to single or combined stress challenges, showed stressor-and timedependent patterns. Our data provide useful information regarding why longer recovery periods must be assessed and provide novel insights regarding recovery of physical and mental stressors. This may have clinical implications in the development of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension or myocardial ischemia.

show abstract

Section: Early Term Recoverymentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Late Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of cardiovascular recovery to combined or separate orthostatic and mental challenges

Goswami¹,

Lackner

Papousek

et al. 2010

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Postural changes affect baroreflex function, which results in altered sympathetic activity with resulting chronotropic and inotropic effects, instantaneous effects on circulating noradrenaline and, with some delay, additional endocrine changes (renin, angiotensin, aldosterone, natriuretic peptides, vasopressin, adrenomedullin, galanin, endothelin, calcitonin gene-related peptide- Sander-Jensen et al 1986;Matzen et al 1990Matzen et al , 1992Yndgaard et al 1991;Laszlo et al 2001;Kamegai et al 1992;Perko et al 1994;Hinghofer-Szalkay et al 1996Jacob et al 1998;Rössler et al 1999;Geelen et al 2002;Goswami et al 2009). …”

Section: The Hydrostatic Indifference Locationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gravity, the hydrostatic indifference concept and the cardiovascular system

Hinghofer‐Szalkay

2010

Eur J Appl Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gravity, like any acceleration, causes a hydrostatic pressure gradient in fluid-filled bodily compartments. At a force of 1G, this pressure gradient amounts to 10 kPa/m. Postural changes alter the distribution of hydrostatic pressure patterns according to the body's alignment to the acceleration field. At a certain location--referred to as hydrostatically indifferent--within any given fluid compartment, pressure remains constant during a given change of position relative to the acceleration force acting upon the body. At this specific location, there is probably little change in vessel volume, wall tension, and the balance of Starling forces after a positional manoeuvre. In terms of cardiac function, this is important because arterial and venous hydrostatic indifference locations determine postural cardiac preload and afterload changes. Baroreceptors pick up pressure signals that depend on their respective distance to hydrostatic indifference locations with any change of body position. Vascular shape, filling volume, and compliance, as well as temperature, nervous and endocrine factors, drugs, and time all influence hydrostatic indifference locations. This paper reviews the physiology of pressure gradients in the cardiovascular system that are operational in a gravitational/acceleration field, offers a broadened hydrostatic indifference concept, and discusses implications that are relevant in physiological and clinical terms.

show abstract

“…Since the aim of the experiment was to induce orthostatic stress without inducing syncope, criteria for termination included any of the following [9]: (a) blood pressure fell below systolic 80 mmHg, or that it dropped rapidly (systolic (SBP) by Z20 mmHg/min, diastolic (DBP) by Z10 mmHg/min), or heart rate dropped by Z15 bpm; (b) Lightheadedness, dizziness, visual disturbances, nausea, stomach awareness, clammy skin, excessive sweating, or skin pallor. These were the criteria of termination but all the subjects went through all the protocols with no problems.…”

Section: Head Up Tilt (Hut)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The test was carried out in a semi-dark and quiet room, maintained at 24 1C and humidity at 55%, using the Automatized Human Multi-Stimulation Test Device [9].…”

Section: Head Up Tilt (Hut)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does mental arithmetic before head up tilt have an effect on the orthostatic cardiovascular and hormonal responses?

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Passive head up tilt (HUT) and mental arithmetic (MA) are commonly used for providing mental and orthostatic challenges, respectively. In animal experiments, even a single exposure to a stressor has been shown to modify the response to subsequent stress stimulus. We investigated whether MA applied before HUT elicits synergistic responses in orthostatic heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), heart rate variability and arterial blood pressure. The 15 healthy young males were subjected to two randomized protocols: (a) HUT and (b) HUT preceded by MA, with sessions randomized and Z2 weeks apart. Beat to beat continuous hemodynamic variables were measured and saliva samples taken for hormonal assay. HUT alone increased HR from 5977 (baseline) to 80710 bpm (mean7SD) and mean blood pressure (MBP) from 88710 to 91714 mmHg. HUT results after MA were not different from those with HUT alone. The activity of alpha amylase showed differences during the experiments irrespective of the protocols. We conclude that mental challenge does not affect orthostatic cardiovascular responses when applied before; the timing of mental loading seems to be critical if it is intended to alter cardiovascular responses to upright standing.

show abstract

Heart rate and stroke volume response patterns to augmented orthostatic stress

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Rate of cardiovascular recovery to combined or separate orthostatic and mental challenges

Rate of cardiovascular recovery to combined or separate orthostatic and mental challenges

Gravity, the hydrostatic indifference concept and the cardiovascular system

Does mental arithmetic before head up tilt have an effect on the orthostatic cardiovascular and hormonal responses?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About