Rate of cardiovascular recovery to combined or separate orthostatic and mental challenges

Goswami, Nandu; Lackner, Helmut; Papousek, Ilona; Ježová, Daniela; Hinghofer‐Szalkay, Helmut; Montani, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2009.11.005

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We are not aware of any study that has studied prolonged recovery times following presyncope. Our results are also in agreement with the recent observations that recovery periods from stressors might be more relevant to the development of diseases than the actual stress itself (for details see [29]–[30]). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Coagulation Changes during Presyncope and Recovery

et al. 2012

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Orthostatic stress activates the coagulation system. The extent of coagulation activation with full orthostatic load leading to presyncope is unknown. We examined in 7 healthy males whether presyncope, using a combination of head up tilt (HUT) and lower body negative pressure (LBNP), leads to coagulation changes as well as in the return to baseline during recovery. Coagulation responses (whole blood thrombelastometry, whole blood platelet aggregation, endogenous thrombin potential, markers of endothelial activation and thrombin generation), blood cell counts and plasma mass density (for volume changes) were measured before, during, and 20 min after the orthostatic stress. Maximum orthostatic load led to a 25% plasma volume loss. Blood cell counts, prothrombin levels, thrombin peak, endogenous thrombin potential, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor levels increased during the protocol, commensurable with hemoconcentration. The markers of endothelial activation (tissue factor, tissue plasminogen activator), and thrombin generation (F1+2, prothrombin fragments 1 and 2, and TAT, thrombin-antithrombin complex) increased to an extent far beyond the hemoconcentration effect. During recovery, the markers of endothelial activation returned to initial supine values, but F1+2 and TAT remained elevated, suggestive of increased coagulability. Our findings of increased coagulability at 20 min of recovery from presyncope may have greater clinical significance than short-term procoagulant changes observed during standing. While our experiments were conducted in healthy subjects, the observed hypercoagulability during graded orthostatic challenge, at presyncope and in recovery may be an important risk factor particularly for patients already at high risk for thromboembolic events (e.g. those with coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis or hypertensives).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Coagulation Changes during Presyncope and Recovery

et al. 2012

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“…To sum up, this holistic analysis showed that MAP is the most salient variable to predict failure to complete the experiment. This is in agreement with the observation that blood pressure is a primarily related variable during stress application, as was reported first by Julius (Julius 1991) and confirmed in subsequent studies (Goswami et al 2010, 2011, 2012; Patel et al 2016). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effects of varying gravito-inertial stressors on grip strength and hemodynamic responses in men and women

2019

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PurposeThe body behaves as a global system with many interconnected subsystems. While the effects of a gravitational change on body responses have been extensively studied in isolation, we are not aware of any study that has examined these two types of body responses concurrently. Here, we examined how the cognitive and cardiovascular systems respond during application of varying gravito-inertial stressors in men and women.MethodsTen men and nine women underwent three 5-min centrifugation sessions (2.4 g at the feet, 1.5 g at the heart) in which participants rhythmically moved a hand-held object for 20 s. Grip force and hemodynamic responses were continuously measured during centrifugation and rest periods.ResultMen optimized the modulation between grip force and the destabilizing load force, but not women. Exposure to artificial gravity induced higher heart rate and mean arterial pressure in both sexes compared to baseline. However, during artificial gravity exposure, only women decreased heart rate across sessions. Interestingly, we found that finishers of the protocol (mostly men) and Non-finishers (mostly women) exhibited divergent patterns of hemodynamic responses.ConclusionWe speculate that the lack of grip force adaptation reported in women could be linked to the challenged hemodynamic responses during artificial gravity. By deriving a simple model to predict failure to complete the protocol, we found that mean arterial pressure—and not sex of the participant—was the most relevant factor. As artificial gravity is being proposed as a countermeasure in long-term manned missions, the observed effects in grip force adaptation and hemodynamic responses during varying gravito-inertial stressors application are particularly important.

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“…All variables were computed across the 3-min epochs of picture presentation and for 3-min epochs preceding each of the three picture conditions (baselines), in order to control for effects of initial transient responses due to the orthostatic challenge (Goswami et al, 2010; Lackner, Goswami, Papousek, et al, 2010).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Position Influences Cardiovascular Disgust Reactivity

Schienle

Übel

Rössler

et al. 2015

Journal of Psychophysiology

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It has been suggested that elevated trait disgust constitutes a vulnerability factor for fainting episodes. We tested the hypothesis that disgust-prone individuals are susceptible to vasovagal syncope by means of a tilt table experiment, during which 30 women were presented with disgusting pictures in a supine and a 70° upright position. The results showed that relative to disgust elicitation in the supine position, tilting reduced diastolic blood pressure during disgust elicitation, which could indicate increased risk for presyncope. Moreover, self-reported disgust proneness was positively correlated with heart rate during disgust induction in the tilted position. This association may point to a compensatory mechanism that aims at stabilizing mean arterial pressure. Disgust-prone individuals possibly utilized this mechanism more extensively to prevent fainting. Future investigations with a longer duration should follow up on this finding and compare the onset of presyncope between high and low disgust-prone individuals.

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Rate of cardiovascular recovery to combined or separate orthostatic and mental challenges

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Coagulation Changes during Presyncope and Recovery

Coagulation Changes during Presyncope and Recovery

The effects of varying gravito-inertial stressors on grip strength and hemodynamic responses in men and women

Body Position Influences Cardiovascular Disgust Reactivity

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