Heat accumulations and fire accidents of waste piles

Shimizu, Yoshitada; Wakakura, Masahide; Arai, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2008.09.003

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Shimizu et al . used thermal hazard calorimetry to investigate the relative propensity of self‐heating ASFs including refuse‐derived fuel (see example composition in Table 2) and car shredder dust compared with model materials such as paper and plastics [42]. They found that metal contaminants and added moisture increased the likelihood of self‐heating hazard.…”

Section: Thermal Hazards Of Example Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for identifying and mitigating thermal hazards of sustainable materials

Morrison

Hart

2011

Process Safety Progress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sustainable materials and technologies (a.k.a. “green”) are those that are “delivered with progressively less negative impact upon the Earth.” Thermal hazards such as self‐heating, thermal runaway, fires, and explosions may be associated with a particular sustainable material or process technology. Thermal hazards are a result of the interaction between the exothermic reactivity of the material and the processing or storage conditions (e.g., environment, temperature, duration, size, and configuration). These materials and technologies may pose thermal hazards that only become apparent at large‐scale production and storage levels. With the move toward developing sustainable materials and technologies, many potential new hazardous scenarios for established organizations or for start‐up companies may be identified only during final developmental stages. For example, scaling processing up from pilot to full‐scale may lead to large enough material volumes that thermal hazards that were not identified at the pilot level become significant. Another example may be the increased size of stockpiles of materials required for full‐scale operations. This article aims to provide an overview of several sustainable materials and green technology areas with a discussion of the potential thermal hazards presented. The article will provide guidance for identifying potential thermal hazards in systems and for developing successful prevention and mitigation schemes against fires and explosions. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2011

show abstract

Section: Thermal Hazards Of Example Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for identifying and mitigating thermal hazards of sustainable materials

Morrison

Hart

2011

Process Safety Progress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our previous studies suggest that these kinds of fires might occur following fermentation in treatment facilities to produce biomass fuel, such as wood chips, using construction waste . In addition, cases of fires or explosions occurring in outdoor facilities and silos from waste have been reported . Similar accidents have occurred abroad .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Study on causes of the fires in rubble piles produced after the Great East Japan Earthquake, 2011

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThis paper seeks to determine the trigger of faint heat generation, which was one of the causes of fires in the piles of rubble produced after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. The rubble piles consist of various combustible materials, such as wood, paper and plastics, as well as non-combustible materials from destroyed buildings. Multiple rubble outdoor storage areas were temporarily set up in the disaster areas to dispose of rubble after it was piled up and separated. However, fires have been occurring in these storage areas since the summer of 2011. One cause of such fires is thought to be the heat generated by fermentation of microorganisms that easily proliferates within the piled up rubble, ultimately resulting in spontaneous ignition. In this study, we collected samples from rubble outdoor storage areas where fires have occurred. We then conducted thermal analyses to obtain basic data, and finally, we developed safety measures to prevent the recurrence of fire. The results revealed that the heat generated during fermentation of rotten tatami and wood chips most likely acts as a trigger causing the fires, given the adiabatic conditions are good.

show abstract

“…Waste that is typically difficult to recycle can be effectively utilised as heat energy, in the form of electricity or steam, through incineration. However, even with advances in recycling research, recycled materials can still pose safety hazards during production, distribution, and storage if they are not fully assessed for potential dangers [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Accidents during Storage Caused by Fermentation or Oxidation from SSSR and Fishmeal Using Thermal Analysis and Frank-Kamenetskii Theory

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In Japan, where soy sauce production and the fishery industries thrive, soy sauce squeezing residue (SSSR) and fishmeal, which are operational byproducts of these sectors, are produced as waste materials for recycling. SSSR and fishmeal have resulted in accidents due to spontaneous ignition and oxygen deprivation, which are believed to have been caused by the heat generated through fermentation or oxidation; consequently, it is desirable to develop measures that prevent such accidents during storage and transportation. In this study, we assessed the hazards associated with the spontaneous ignition and oxygen deprivation of SSSR and fishmeal in storage areas using thermal and gas analysers, focusing on the heat produced by fermentation and oxidation. We also used Frank-Kamenetskii theory to determine the relationship between pile height and the ambient temperatures at which spontaneous ignition and oxygen deprivation occur. Our results suggest that oxygen deficiency may occur in a well-sealed storage facility in which oxygen is consumed by fermentation. For example, the oxygen concentration can drop below critical safety thresholds in the case of SSSR, even when stored below 25 • C, particularly when the moisture content is high. However, when a sufficient amount of oxygen is present and the material is stored in large deposits in a well-insulated facility, fermentation causes the temperature to increase, leading to the oxidation of fatty acid esters and eventually fire; when SSSR or fishmeal is maintained at temperatures near 40 • C, their temperatures can increase to 250 • C within approximately 30 h. Furthermore, the results of this study also demonstrate the need to consider pile height in storage areas in order to prevent accidents due to spontaneous ignition and oxygen deprivation; the critical ambient temperature at which heat accumulates is estimated to be between 20-30 • C, at a bulk density of 0.3 × 10 3 kg/m 3 , and a pile height of 3 m.

show abstract

Heat accumulations and fire accidents of waste piles

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Guidelines for identifying and mitigating thermal hazards of sustainable materials

Guidelines for identifying and mitigating thermal hazards of sustainable materials

Study on causes of the fires in rubble piles produced after the Great East Japan Earthquake, 2011

Investigation of Accidents during Storage Caused by Fermentation or Oxidation from SSSR and Fishmeal Using Thermal Analysis and Frank-Kamenetskii Theory

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About