Heat Cramps

Talbott, John H.

doi:10.1097/00005792-193509000-00001

Cited by 63 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…When the above regulatory mechanism is inadequate, the body temperature will rise to extremely high levels, often 108 to 1090 F. Under these conditions, evidences of injury to the central nervous system appear in the form of delirium, convulsions and coma. Recovery is prolonged and difficult and sequelae in the nature of hemiplegias and paraplegias have been reported (25). It is in conditions of this kind that one would expect to find histological changes in the brain similar to those described in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

The Effect of Hyperthermia on the Distribution of Water and Electrolytes in Brain, Muscle and Liver 1

Yannet¹,

Darrow²

1938

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

The Effect of Hyperthermia on the Distribution of Water and Electrolytes in Brain, Muscle and Liver 1

Yannet¹,

Darrow²

1938

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…These animals developed convulsions, the so-called water intoxication; it is possible that 'heat cramps' in man may be the same condition; in the long series of tests, of which the thirty here described are a small proportion only, the conditions for intracellular over-hydration were frequently fulfilled and 'heat cramps', fully developed or incipient, were a regular complaint. The water intoxication hypothesis of 'heat cramps' (Moss, 1922;Haldane, 1923;Hunt, 1912) has been doubted by Talbott (1935), but our experiments show that there is intoxication by water, though of the intracellular compartments and not, as earlier thought, of the extracellular.…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 56%

The changes in water and chloride distribution during heavy sweating

Ladell¹

1949

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Correlated observations on man between changes in salt and water balance and changes in the blood electrolytes during the acute salt loss that occurs during heavy sweating have not been made to the same extent as corresponding observations on animals during acute salt loss otherwise induced. Lee, Murray, Simmonds & Atherton (1941) discussed the strain which working in the heat imposes upon the salt/water balance, but they did not report any figures for the blood electrolyte concentration; their subjects were not sweating at very high rates, the maximum being 10 4 c.c./min., and the salt losses were all small, often less than 1 g. and never more than 2 g. in an 8 hr. test, considerably less than the losses in the urine over the same period. McCance's studies (1936, 1937, 1938) were on subacute rather than on acute salt deficiency, and sweating was only one of the means by which he induced the deficiency; the blood electrolytes were estimated, but, as the samples were not taken in close relation to the sweating periods, it is not possible to evaluate the effect of sweating as compared with other factors. Nadal, Pedersen & Maddock (1941) compared the effect of salt loss with that of water deprivation, and their results indicated that water is lost from the extracellular compartments in salt deprivation, and from the extra-and intracellular compartments in water deprivation; but as their deprivations were induced relatively slowly it would not be admissible to deduce from them the effects of a few hours of very profuse sweating. Elkinton, Danowski & Winkler (1946a, b) studied acute salt deprivation in dogs induced by intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic glucose with subsequent removal of the intraperitoneal fluid. They correlated the changes in the blood chemistry and in the clinical condition of the animals with the changes in salt and water balance and calculated the movements of fluid between the intraand extracellular compartments.In the series of experiments reported elsewhere (Ladell 1947(Ladell , 1948, and in others of a similar nature, there were a number of occasions in which the salt

show abstract

“…In the fourth patient, W. D., there was no evidence of hemoconcentration, probably because of a smaller and less rapid loss of water through the skin (Table VIII). In no case did the anhydremia approach that found by Talbott (3,4) in studies of heat cramps.…”

Section: Dietsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…If such losses are not replaced promptly, the fluid and electrolyte reserves of the body are placed under severe strain. The rapid depletion of sodium chloride is of particular interest since it can lead to a state of exhaustion with muscle cramps, abdominal pain and ultimately to circulatory collapse (3,4). According to Moon (5) and Loeb et al (6) shock is a common accompaniment of marked reduction of body electrolytes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%