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The immediate effects of removing extracellular electrolyte from animals without changing the total quantity of body water were described in a recent publication (1). The clinical evidences of dehydration which occurred were shown to be brought about by the shift of water from the extracellular to intracellular fluids.In the present investigations the depletion of extracellular electrolyte was allowed to persist for seven days. The mechanism of adjustment was studied by frequent blood analyses and determination of the balances of nitrogen, water and electrolyte. Together with more accurate knowledge of the concentration and volumes of intracellular and extracellular water and electrolytes (2), the data are suitable for testing certain hypotheses concerning the factors controlling the distribution and balance of body water and electrolyte.EXPERIMENTAL METHODS Dog 1 (Experiments 3 and 5) was a thin, active male who ate his food well when normal; Dog 2 (Experiments 2 and 4) was a fat female who took the diet less well. Except for the period of deficit of extracellular electrolyte, when food was refused, both dogs were in approximate nitrogen equilibrium or showed a slight positive balance.The animals were fed the kennel food until a week before the experiments were started, when an artificial diet was given. One kilogram of this diet consisted of commercial casein,

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