Heat-treatment effects on a bimetallic additively-manufactured structure (BAMS) of the low-carbon steel and austenitic-stainless steel

Ahsan, Md. R. U.; Tanvir, A. N. M.; Seo, Gi-Jeong; Bates, B.; Hawkins, Wayne; Lee, Chanho; Liaw, Peter K.; Noakes, Mark W.; Nycz, Andrzej; Kim, Duck Bong

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2020.101036

Cited by 53 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the near future, the research team will establish an in-situ inspection method for process repeatability and a digital twin-driven qualification framework for part reproducibility of a wire + arc additively manufactured part, based on the proposed QA plan scheme and the NIST-DT concept (Tanvir et al , 2019; Mukherjee and Debroy, 2019; Ahsan et al , 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A functional modeling approach for quality assurance in metal additive manufacturing

Seo

Ahsan

Lee

et al. 2021

RPJ

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Purpose Due to the complexity of and variations in additive manufacturing (AM) processes, there is a level of uncertainty that creates critical issues in quality assurance (QA), which must be addressed by time-consuming and cost-intensive tasks. This deteriorates the process repeatability, reliability and part reproducibility. So far, many AM efforts have been performed in an isolated and scattered way over several decades. In this paper, a systematically integrated holistic view is proposed to achieve QA for AM. Design/methodology/approach A systematically integrated view is presented to ensure the predefined part properties before/during/after the AM process. It consists of four stages, namely, QA plan, prospective validation, concurrent validation and retrospective validation. As a foundation for QA planning, a functional workflow and the required information flows are proposed by using functional design models: Icam DEFinition for Function Modeling. Findings The functional design model of the QA plan provides the systematically integrated view that can be the basis for inspection of AM processes for the repeatability and qualification of AM parts for reproducibility. Research limitations/implications A powder bed fusion process was used to validate the feasibility of this QA plan. Feasibility was demonstrated under many assumptions; real validation is not included in this study. Social implications This study provides an innovative and transformative methodology that can lead to greater productivity and improved quality of AM parts across industries. Furthermore, the QA guidelines and functional design models provide the foundation for the development of a QA architecture and management system. Originality/value This systematically integrated view and the corresponding QA plan can pose fundamental questions to the AM community and initiate new research efforts in the in-situ digital inspection of AM processes and parts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A functional modeling approach for quality assurance in metal additive manufacturing

Seo

Ahsan

Lee

et al. 2021

RPJ

Self Cite

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“…The developed LAM-DED process employs multiple hoppers for feeding of different powders [4,32,[51][52][53][54]. The feeding of different materials enables in situ synthesizing alloys with a location-dependent chemical compositions through mixing of different powders [4,93,129,130].…”

Section: Tailored Materials and Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WAAM process based on GTAW can fabricate metallic parts with relatively smooth surface and high strength [54,165]. The GTAW can greatly reduce porosity as compared to the GMAW [158].…”

Section: Characteristics and Principle Of Waam Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DED processes can create an arbitrary shape on even and uneven substrates through line-by-line deposition of a metallic material, unlike the PBF processes [32,49,50]. Because several developed DED systems include multiple powder hoppers and wire feeders to selectively supply powders and wires for different materials, the DED systems can easily fabricate a heterogeneous material with desired properties via successive and simultaneous deposition of different materials [4,32,[51][52][53][54]. Due to the simplified system of the DED apparatus as compared to the PBF apparatus, it is convenient to develop a hybrid process combining DED with different manufacturing processes [24,36,38,[55][56][57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Directed Energy Deposition (DED) Process: State of the Art

Ahn

2021

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech.

368

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Metal additive manufacturing technologies, such as powder bed fusion process, directed energy deposition (DED) process, sheet lamination process, etc., are one of promising flexible manufacturing technologies due to direct fabrication characteristics of a metallic freeform with a three-dimensional shape from computer aided design data. DED processes can create an arbitrary shape on even and uneven substrates through line-by-line deposition of a metallic material. Theses DED processes can easily fabricate a heterogeneous material with desired properties and characteristics via successive and simultaneous depositions of different materials. In addition, a hybrid process combining DED with different manufacturing processes can be conveniently developed. Hence, researches on the DED processes have been steadily increased in recent years. This paper reviewed recent research trends of DED processes and their applications. Principles, key technologies and the state-of-the art related to the development of process and system, the optimization of deposition conditions and the application of DED process were discussed. Finally, future research issues and opportunities of the DED process were identified.

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“…The post-processing involves machining of the Fig. 1 Development of wire arc additive manufacturing ( Ref 12,13,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] product to achieve better surface finish. Sometimes, the heat treatment of the final product is also needed to get the desired material properties.…”

Section: Steps Involved In Waammentioning

confidence: 99%

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Review and Research Directions

Raut

Taiwade

2021

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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Over the past years, the demand for the wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is potentially increased, and it has become a promising alternative to subtractive manufacturing. Research reported that the wire arc additively manufactured (WAAMed) materialÕs mechanical properties are comparable to wrought or cast material. In comparison with other fusion sources, WAAM offers a significant cost saving and a higher deposition rate. However, there are significant challenges associated with WAAM such as undesirable microstructures and mechanical properties, high residual stresses, and distortion. Thus, more research is still needed to handle the above challenges by optimizing the process parameters and post-deposition heat treatment. In line with the above, this paper attempts to fill the gap by presenting a comprehensive review of WAAM literature including stagewise development of WAAM, metals and alloys used, effects of process parameters, methodologies used by various researchers to improve the quality of WAAM component. Besides, this work proposes the areas that could be used as avenues for future research.

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Heat-treatment effects on a bimetallic additively-manufactured structure (BAMS) of the low-carbon steel and austenitic-stainless steel

Cited by 53 publications

References 34 publications

A functional modeling approach for quality assurance in metal additive manufacturing

A functional modeling approach for quality assurance in metal additive manufacturing

Directed Energy Deposition (DED) Process: State of the Art

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Review and Research Directions

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