Heavy Metal Removal from the Water of the River Nile Using Riverbank Filtration

Abstract

Riverbank filtration (RBF) is considered as a natural treatment process. During this process, a group of chemical, physical, and biological processes occur when water moves through the soil along the bank of the River Nile, which can act as a conventional treatment process. RBF is one of the most effective solutions that the Egyptian government and responsible parties should embrace. Egypt has started to use the RBF technique widely in many sites through the path of the River Nile. This study provides a detailed analysis of the RBF technique; it represents the outlet quality of the water in a study performed on the River Nile. The effect of RBF on water quality can be measured using the software designed for this study. The study’s main aim is to improve the water quality of the River Nile by removing heavy metals from the water by using an effective and fast method of treatment, which is riverbank filtration. The results of the research’s experimental study show the average percentage of metal removal for iron, cobalt, lead, zinc, and copper are 74.04%, 74.44%, 70.72%, 75.1%, and 70.8%, respectively. These results have proved that RBF acts as a substantial barrier versus heavy metals.

Hydrogeochemical Mechanism Associated with Land Use Land Cover Indices Using Geospatial, Remote Sensing Techniques, and Health Risks Model

“…Land is an essential component of nature worldwide for wildlife, and urbanization is also rising worldwide, which pollutes the environment [1]. The most accessible and important source of fresh water on the planet is groundwater for drinking, agricultural, and industrial purposes, and for the advancement of society [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Evaluating groundwater quality is essential to conserving the ecological environment and forms the basis of the sustainable use of local groundwater resources [8][9][10].…”