Heavy Metal Toxicity and Iron Chlorosis

Dekock, P. C.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a083508

Cited by 105 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Excess of manganese causes an iron-deficiency chlorosis while a deficiency of manganese causes an iron toxicity chlorosis (8). It would appear then that manganese plays an important part in oxidation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interrelationships of Catalase, Peroxidase, Hematin, and Chlorophyll

et al. 1960

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such relationships are strikingly apparent in variegated plants (9) and also in plants suffering from heavy nmetal toxicity (8) …”

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Interrelationships of Catalase, Peroxidase, Hematin, and Chlorophyll

et al. 1960

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“…As with other heavy metals, excess concentrations of Ni in plants cause chlorosis and necrosis, due to disruption of Fe uptake and metabolism (De kock 1956;Crooke 1958). Elevated concentrations of Ni can inhibit cell division at root meristems in non-tolerant plants (Robertson and Meakin 1980), and decrease plant growth (Foy et al 1978).…”

Section: Nickel Toxicity To Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, physiological responses and toxicity of nickel in plants

Sreekanth

Nagajyothi

Lee

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

194

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The focus of the review is on the specific aspects of nickel's effects on growth, morphology, photosynthesis, mineral nutrition and enzyme activity of plants. The mobility of nickel in the environment and the consequent contamination in soil and water is of great concern. Also, the detrimental effects of excessive nickel on plant growth have been well known for many years. Toxic effects of nickel on plants include alterations in the germination process as well as in the growth of roots, stems and leaves. Total dry matter production and yield was significantly affected by nickel and also causes deleterious effects on plant physiological processes, such as photosynthesis, water relations and mineral nutrition. Nickel strongly influences metabolic reactions in plants and has the ability to generate reactive oxygen species which may cause oxidative stress. More recent evidence indicates that nickel is required in small amounts for normal plant growth and development. Hence, with the increasing level of nickel pollution in the environment, it is essential to understand the functional roles and toxic effects of nickel in plants.

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“…However, heavy metals may inhibit root elongation and delay seed germination of a large variety of species even at very low concentrations (Wong and Bradshaw, 1982). For example, 0.1 lg ml À1 Zn or Cu in nutrient solution could significantly reduce growth (fresh weight of whole seedling) of Sinapis alba (DeKock, 1956). The present results here showed that tailings from the tailings heap (TD) and high-sulfur tailings (HS) contained higher water-soluble Pb (0.18 Table 2 Total and DTPA-extractable concentrations (lg g and 0.33 lg ml À1 Pb in extracts of 30% TD and 30% HS tailings, respectively), and Zn (0.52 and 0.45 lg ml À1 Zn in extracts of 30% TD and 30% HS tailings, respectively) than the other tailings samples.…”

Section: Seed Germination and Root Elongation Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of major constraints to revegetation of lead/zinc mine tailings using bioassay techniques

Shu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2002

Chemosphere

191

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The residues from the extraction of lead/zinc (Pb/Zn) ores of most Pb/Zn mines are permanently stored in tailings ponds, which require revegetation to reduce their environmental impact. This can only be done if the main constraints on plant establishment are evaluated. This can readily be done by field and greenhouse studies.To test this, the properties of different tailings from Lechang Pb/Zn mine located at the north of Guangdong Province in southern China have been studied. Physical and chemical properties including concentrations of metals (Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu) in the tailings and soils collected from different sites have been measured. The results showed that tailings contain low nitrogen (0.016-0.075%), low-organic matter (0.58-1.78%), high salt (3.55-13.85 dS/m), and high total and diethylene-tetramine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable metal concentrations (total: 1019-1642 lg g À1 Pb, 3078-6773 lg g À1 Zn, 8-23 lg g À1 Cd, and 85-192 lg g À1 Cu; DTPA-extractable: 59-178 lg g À1 Pb, 21-200 lg g À1 Zn, 0.30-1.5 lg g À1 Cd, and 4.3-12 lg g À1 Cu). Aqueous extracts of tailings/soils (10%, 20% and 30%, w/v) from different sites were prepared for testing their effects on seed germination and root elongation of a vegetable crop Brassica chinensis and a grass species Cynodon dactylon. It was found that root elongation provided a better evaluation of toxicity than seed germination. The ranking of toxicity using root elongation was: high-sulfur tailings > tailing dam > sparsely vegetated tailings > densely vegetated tailings > mountain soil for both plants. This order was consistent with DTPA-extractable Pb contents in the tailings and soils. B. chinensis seedlings were then grown in the mixtures of different proportions of tailings and farm soil for 4 weeks, and the results (dry weights of seedlings) were in line with the root elongation test. All these demonstrated that heavy metal toxicity, especially available Pb, low content of nutrient, and poor physical structure were major constraints on plant establishment and colonization on the Pb/Zn mine tailings. Ó

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Heavy Metal Toxicity and Iron Chlorosis

Cited by 105 publications

References 0 publications

Interrelationships of Catalase, Peroxidase, Hematin, and Chlorophyll

Interrelationships of Catalase, Peroxidase, Hematin, and Chlorophyll

Occurrence, physiological responses and toxicity of nickel in plants

Evaluation of major constraints to revegetation of lead/zinc mine tailings using bioassay techniques

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