Heavy Metals Removal from Electroplating Wastewater by Waste Fiber-Based Poly(amidoxime) Ligand

Abstract

An efficient and economical treatment technology for heavy metal removal from the electroplating wastewaters is needed for the water purification. Therefore, pure cellulosic materials were derived from two waste fiber (pandanus fruit and durian rind) and conversion of the cellulose into the poly(acrylonitrile)-grafted material was accomplished by free radical grafting system. Thereafter, poly(amidoxime) ligand was produced from the grafted materials. Sorption capacity (qe) of several toxic metals ions was found to be high, e.g., copper capacity (qe) was 298.4 mg g−1 at pH 6. In fact, other metal ions, such as cobalt chromium and nickel also demonstrated significant sorption capacity at pH 6. Sorption mechanism played acceptable meet with pseudo second-order rate of kinetic pattern due to the satisfactory correlation with the experimental sorption values. A significant correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.99) with Langmuir model isotherm showed the single or monolayer sorption occurred on the surfaces. The reusability study showed that the polymer ligand can be useful up to six cycles with minimum loss (7%) of efficiency and can be used in the extraction of toxic metal ions present in the wastewaters. Therefore, two types of electroplating wastewater were used in this study, one containing high concentration of copper (23 ppm) and iron (32 ppm) with trace level of others heavy metals (IWS 1) and another containing high concentration of copper (85.7 ppm) only with trace level of others heavy metals (IWS 2). This polymeric ligand showed acceptable removal magnitude, up to 98% of toxic metal ions can be removed from electroplating wastewater.

Separation of Chromium (VI), Copper and Zinc: Chemistry of Transport of Metal Ions across Supported Liquid Membrane

“…Several work reported that wastewater from some plating and semiconductor industry contains metal in the range below 100 ppm to a few hundred ppm [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Synthetically prepared aqueous feed that contained mixture of 100 ppm of each chromium (VI), copper and zinc, which are commonly found in these industrial wastewater, were used in this study to represent the wastewater that is generated from those industries.…”

Poly(amidoxime) Resins for Efficient and Eco-friendly Metal Extraction

“…Recently, we used waste fibers such as pandanus fruit fiber and durian rind to obtain a lower cost adsorbent. 44 Pure cellulose materials were extracted from both waste fibers. The low-cost cellulose was converted into PA ligands, and they were characterized by FT-IR.…”

“…44 It has been observed that most metals show lower adsorption capacity in higher acidic conditions due to the protonation of amino groups in amidoxime ligands. 44 Definitely, the amidoxime chelating group (C(NH 2 )N OH) exhibited an amphoteric nature. 35 At lower pH (<7), the basic amino group (−NH 2 ) tends to prevent protonation, which turns into NH 3 + , and simultaneously, the reduction of ionization of the acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) is likely to occur.…”

Heavy Metals Removal from Water by Efficient Adsorbents

“…Surface functional groups such as amino and hydroxyl groups that mostly exist on polymers, have a strong affinity for heavy metal ions [24]. Therefore, Table 10 represents various polymer-based adsorbents with all related heavy metal adsorption capacities, with the optimum pH, preferred kinetic and isotherm model [52][53][54][55][56][57].…”