Heavy metals, trace elements and sediment geochemistry at four Mediterranean fish farms

Kalantzi, Ioanna; Shimmield, Tracy M; Pergantis, Spiros A.; Papageorgiou, Nikos; Black, Kenneth D.; Karakassis, Ioannis

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.082

Cited by 129 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The anthropogenic source of heavy metals in aquatic bodies are mining, heavy metals processing, agricultural activities, industrial activities, (Duruibe et al, 2007;Alptekin and Yuce, 2016;Chowdhury and Maiti, 2016). The concentration of heavy metals in trout farms depends on the type of feed provided, use of anti-fouling agents as well as the environmental conditions present in the vicinity of the farms (Kempf et al, 2002;Schendel et al, 2004;Salazar and Saldana, 2007;Kalantzi et al, 2013). Apart from these, absence of industrial activities and absence of such elements in the catchments; use of locally prepared fish feeds lacking heavy metals (Pers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of physico-chemical parameters of rainbow trout farms for the evaluation of potential threat to natural streams in Nepal

Ghimire¹,

Niraula²,

Rai³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Environ.

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Three trout farms from Nepal were studied to investigate the changes in physico-chemical parameters and their potential threat to natural water bodies receiving the effluents. Reference and impact sites were determined in each farm so as to find out the level of impacts due to farming activities. Some of the parameters such as dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, and total dissolve solids were significantly changed in the impacted zones compared to reference sites. Similarly, concentrations of some major ions such as calcium and sodium were increased in the impacted zones. On the other hand, some of the parameters such as pH and potassium did not change in the impacted zone although their concentrations were different among farms studied. Nevertheless, the overall changes in the physico-chemical parameters did not pose health risk to the aquatic ecosystems receiving effluents from these fish farms as the concentrations were below the prescribed levels by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as Nepal Environment Statistics. This is an indication that, although fish farming activities are degrading water qualities, there is no threat to the water quality receiving the effluents yet probably due to small scale farming. The increase in number of fish farms in the same area, however might pose risk to the ecological health in the region which warrants regular monitoring.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of physico-chemical parameters of rainbow trout farms for the evaluation of potential threat to natural streams in Nepal

Ghimire¹,

Niraula²,

Rai³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Environ.

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“…Fish farms cause metal enrichment in the bottom of the sea, e.g. extreme high concentrations of Zn, Cu and Cd in sediments and pore water (Dean et al 2007;Kalantzi et al 2013;Loucks et al 2012;Nordvarg and Johansson 2002). Such high concentrations may also increase the corrosion risk of steel due to higher conductivity of the electrolyte and creation of galvanic effects.…”

Section: Potential Influence Of Offshore Aquaculture On the Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Risks of Offshore Structures

Klijnstra¹,

Zhang²,

Putten

et al. 2017

Aquaculture Perspective of Multi-Use Sites in the Open Ocean

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Offshore areas are rough and high energy areas. Therefore, offshore constructions are prone to high technical risks. This chapter elaborates on the technical risks of corrosion and biofouling and technical risks through mechanical force. The expected lifetime of an offshore structure is to a great extent determined by the risk of failures through such risks. Corrosion and biofouling threaten the robustness of offshore structures. Detailed and standardized rules for protection against corrosion of offshore structures are currently lacking. There is a need for an accepted uniform specification. A major technical risk of a combined wind-mussel farm is that of a drifting aquaculture construction that strikes a wind turbine foundation. We investigate two scenarios related to this risk: (1) Can a striking aquaculture construction cause a significant damage to the foundation? (2) If a drifting aquaculture construction gets stuck around a turbine foundation and thus increases its surface area, can the foundation handle the extra (drag) forces involved? A preliminary qualitative assessment of these scenarios leads to the conclusion that a drifting mussel or seaweed farm does not pose a serious technical threat to the foundation of a wind farm. Damage to the (anticorrosive) paint of the turbine foundation is possible, but this will not lead to short term structural damage. Long term corrosion and damage risks can be prevented by taking appropriate maintenance and repair actions. Contrarily to mussel or seaweed farms, the impact/threat of a drifting fish farm on structural damage to a wind foundation depends on type, size and the way of construction of the fish cages. The risk of extra drag force due to a stuck aquaculture construction relates particularly to jacket constructions because any stuck construction may lead to (strong) increase of the

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“…They have long been threatened seriously by human and industrial activities. Wastewater from manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries can jeopardize the ecological equilibrium of aquatic habitats [2][3][4][5]. One of the most common uses of water resources is aquaculture, and cold-water fish farms along rivers have become a common sight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Multivariate Analysis Sampling Frequency for Monitoring Contamination Caused by Trout Farms

Tavakol¹,

Arjmandi²,

Shayeghi³

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Recent rapid growth of the aquaculture industry and the necessity to comply with environmental standards suggest the need for studies on the possible negative effects of this type of industry. One of the most devastating effects of aquaculture is water pollution caused by the discharge of untreated effluent from fish farms into aquatic ecosystems. Assessment of the pollutants requires an optimal design of a water monitoring network in a way to demonstrate changes in aquatic environments. Accordingly, the present study used multivariate statistical analysis to determine sampling frequency for optimal monitoring of the contaminants resulting from trout farms in the Haraz River in northern Iran. For this purpose, a total number of 17 physical and chemical water quality parameters were sampled monthly over a one-year period based on the instructions recommended in the standard method (2005) [1]. The results showed that changes in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) during the warm months of summer were very high and reached its peak in August and September. This may be attributed to the increased fish production in fish farms, increased food intake to feed the fish, and higher rate of discharge from fish farms containing waste feed and fish faeces. The nitrate also reached its maximum level in June due to the same reasons. Conversely, dissolved oxygen (DO) level was the lowest in the warm months (August and September). The reason would be increased consumption of DO due to higher production rate in the fish farms and increased metabolism of fish in warm months. Overall, the findings confirmed the applicability of multivariate techniques in

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Heavy metals, trace elements and sediment geochemistry at four Mediterranean fish farms

Cited by 129 publications

References 54 publications

Assessment of physico-chemical parameters of rainbow trout farms for the evaluation of potential threat to natural streams in Nepal

Assessment of physico-chemical parameters of rainbow trout farms for the evaluation of potential threat to natural streams in Nepal

Technical Risks of Offshore Structures

Determining Multivariate Analysis Sampling Frequency for Monitoring Contamination Caused by Trout Farms

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