Heck Reaction—State of the Art

Abstract

Abstract:The Heck reaction is one of the most studied coupling reactions and is recognized with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Thousands of articles, hundreds of reviews and a number of books have been published on this topic. All reviews are written exhaustively describing the various aspects of Heck reaction and refer to the work done hitherto. Looking at the quantum of the monographs published, and the reviews based on them, we found a necessity to summarize all reviews on Heck reaction about catalysts, ligands, suggested mechanisms, conditions, methodologies and the compounds formed via Heck reaction in one review and generate a resource of information. One can find almost all the catalysts used so far for Heck reaction in this review.

First Example of the Use of Biosourced Alkyl Levulinates as Solvents for Synthetic Chemistry: Application to the Heterogeneously Catalyzed Heck Coupling

“…The result obtained here is clearly different to what is usually observed for C−C couplings with normally a relatively low reactivity of deactivated aryl halides including iodides ,. Such phenomenon may occur through a specific interaction between the solvent and the catalytic species under these conditions.…”

“…[12,13,[32][33][34][35][36][37] The result obtained here is clearly different to what is usually observed for CÀ C couplings with normally a relatively low reactivity of deactivated aryl halides including iodides. [38,39] Such phenomenon may occur through a specific interaction between the solvent and the catalytic species under these conditions. We performed XPS analysis to get information regarding possible unusual catalyst transformation in BuLev (Figure 4).…”

Functionalization of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring in α-phosphonoacrylates and α-phosphonopropionates via microwave-assisted Mizoroki–Heck reaction

“…The Mizoroki-Heck reaction-assisted functionalization of 6-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carbaldehyde [12], a precursor of compounds 1 and 2, was successfully achieved. We used tri(o-tolyl)phosphine (P(o-tol) 3 , palladium(II) acetate (Pd(OAc) 2 ) and obtained the desired product (E)-benzyl 3-(6- Recently, multiple variants for the application of microwave heating for conducting Mizoroki-Heck reactions have been reported, including the use of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts, as well as continuous-flow conditions [13][14][15]. Therefore, we tested microwave heating, a technique which is known for significant acceleration of the C-C coupling reaction [16].…”

Advances in Enantioselective C–H Activation/Mizoroki-Heck Reaction and Suzuki Reaction

“…Among these reactions, transition-metals (Pd, Rh, Ru, Cu, Zn, Sn, Mg, etc.) catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are efficient techniques to realize C-C bond formation, which can be well exemplified by Suzuki [29], Mizoroki-Heck [30], Sonogashira [31], Negishi [32], Stille [33], Kumada [34] coupling reaction, etc. These coupling reactions are renowned for their extraordinary utility, practicality, and reliability, and have been broadly utilized in many syntheses, involving pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, agrochemicals, etc.…”