Height increment of understorey Norway spruces under different tree canopies

Laiho, Olavi; Pukkala, Timo; Lähde, Erkki

doi:10.1186/2197-5620-1-4

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Spruce has higher light requirements compared to such target species as fir or beech (Jaworski 2011), so the risk of limiting the height increment of these species under a birch canopy is lower, and the results of other studies and the observations of practitioners justify the use of this cover (Ceitel, Iszkuło 2000;Ambroży 2010;Matl 2015). The beneficial effect of birch canopy on the increment of spruce regeneration as compared, for example, to the canopy of older spruces, was also observed by Laiho et al (2014). Significant height increments of spruce under the canopy of birches causes damage in the form of top kill from the trees rubbing together.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Ways to use silver birch Betula pendula Roth regeneration in sites considered for stand conversion due to decline of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. in the Silesian Beskid Mountains

Ambroży

Zachara

Kapsa

et al. 2017

Forest Research Papers

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Abstract.One of the tree species appearing after a decline of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. in the Silesian Beskid Mountains is Silver Birch Betula pendula Roth. Therefore our study was aimed at evaluating this birch regeneration and the dynamics of changes resulting from experimental cutting. Measurements and inventories of trees were conducted on research plots located in a ten-year old birch regeneration site with either no cutting, partial cutting (50%) or clear cutting (100%) of birch. We observed an introduction of biocenotic species (rowan, willow, aspen) as well as the target species (spruce, fir, beech) under the birch canopy. Fir and beech were also planted, because of their slow natural regeneration. The clear cut treatment caused a great number of sprouts growing from birch stumps, reaching a height of about 2 m over 3 years, resulting in competition with the regeneration of other species. Partial cutting did not cause such a drastic amount of sprouting. Furthermore, we found that only the spruce height increment is significantly less under a birch canopy compared to open space. The obtained results indicate a necessity to adjust the density and species composition of regenerating tree species under a birch canopy, avoiding complete removal of the first generation birch cover and the need to moderately thin out birch.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Ways to use silver birch Betula pendula Roth regeneration in sites considered for stand conversion due to decline of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. in the Silesian Beskid Mountains

Ambroży

Zachara

Kapsa

et al. 2017

Forest Research Papers

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“…Such models are important for estimating forest biomass. Laiho et al (2014) estimate the height increment of understorey trees under different canopies while Valkonen et al (2014) estimate ingrowth and survival of those trees. Both studies provide essential input for evaluating forest treatment options Vanclay 2014).…”

Section: New Technical and Methodological Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest observational studies-an essential infrastructure for sustainable use of natural resources

et al. 2014

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This contribution complements Forest Ecosystems' Thematic Series on "Forest Observational Studies". We provide essential clarification regarding the definition and purpose of long-term field studies, review some of the extensive literature and discuss different approaches to collecting field data. We also describe two newly established forest observational networks that serve to illustrate the scope and diversity of forest field studies. The first is a large-scale network of forest observational studies in prominent natural forest ecosystems in China. The second example demonstrates observational studies in mixed and uneven-aged pine-oak forests which are selectively managed by local communities in Mexico. We summarize the potential for analysing and modeling forest ecosystems within interdisciplinary projects and provide argumentation in favour of long-term institutional commitment to maintaining forest observational field studies.

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“…The thresholds of canopy density for shrubs were larger than those for herbs, which was similar to the result of Tan et al (2016). The understory light was most in uenced by canopy density and could be modi ed by forest height and stand structure (Scott et al, 2000;Laiho et al, 2014). Chinese r is a large evergreen tree with an average height of 30 to 40 meters and a diameter at breast height greater than 3 meters, and Cypress is generally up to 20 meters high.…”

Section: Interpretation Of the Constraint Effect Between The Canopy D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the relationship between canopy density and understory vegetation in planted forest by using constraint line methodology

Hao,

Shi,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Greater shrub and herb abundance and diversity under the forest would potentially benefit biodiversity and improve forest ecosystem stability. Therefore, determining whether a high canopy density results in reduced growth of understory vegetation and associated thresholds may guide the reasonable planting density of planted forest. In this study, we selected an artificial coniferous forest planting area in Hubei Province, China as the research area, and adopted a constraint line to explore the relationship between the canopy density of different species, including Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), cypress (Cupressus funebris), and Masson pine (Pinus massoniana), and the height and coverage of shrubs and herbs in the forests. The upper constraint lines, lower constraint lines, and mean lines were extracted by segmented quantile regression derived from the maximums, means, and minimums in the scatter clounds, which represented the relationships under the best, worst, and general environmental conditions, respectively. The results showed that for different species, the upper constraint lines were almost hump-shaped with thresholds, indicating that regardless of how good the environmental conditions were, the indicators of understory shrubs and herbs first increased and then decreased with an increase in canopy density. The canopy density thresholds for Chinese fir, cypress, and Masson pine were approximately 50%, 30%~40%, and 50%~60%, respectively. Overall, the thresholds of canopy density for herb indicators were greater than those of shrubs. Planning reasonable canopy density may enhance the growth of understory vegetation.

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Height increment of understorey Norway spruces under different tree canopies

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Ways to use silver birch Betula pendula Roth regeneration in sites considered for stand conversion due to decline of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. in the Silesian Beskid Mountains

Ways to use silver birch Betula pendula Roth regeneration in sites considered for stand conversion due to decline of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. in the Silesian Beskid Mountains

Forest observational studies-an essential infrastructure for sustainable use of natural resources

Assessing the relationship between canopy density and understory vegetation in planted forest by using constraint line methodology

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