Helicobacter pylori Vaccine: From Past to Future

Agarwal, Krishna; Agarwal, Shvetank

doi:10.4065/83.2.169

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Conceptually, a vaccine would best be administered orally to enable the production of secretory IgA (sIgA) in the stomach mucosa preventing colonization. 15 , 16 , 17 However, other mucosal delivery routes (intranasal, rectal) have been successfully used. 15 , 16 , 17 Based on the pathogenesis of H. pylori , a number of putative protective antigens have been evaluated including urease (subunits UreA and UreB), flagellar antigens (FlaA and FlaB), cytotoxin‐associated gene A (CagA), vacuolating toxin (VacA), and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic immunization to Helicobacter pylori infection using spore vectored vaccines

et al. 2023

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Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a Gram-negative human pathogenic bacterium believed to be carried by an estimated 50% of the world's population. 1 Infection typically occurs in childhood and if untreated an individual will likely remain colonized for life. 2 Of those infected about 15% may go on to develop pathological symptoms, typically chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (gastric and duodenal ulceration) with the potential for gastric cancer (adenocarcinoma and lymphoma). H. pylori infection is thought to be linked with more than 90% of gastric cancers and normally results if the infection is left untreated. 3 Gastric adenocarcinoma is now the 5th most common cancer and the 3rd in terms of cancer-related deaths. Unfortunately, by the time gastric cancer has developed it is nearly impossible to

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic immunization to Helicobacter pylori infection using spore vectored vaccines

et al. 2023

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“…It was classified as a class I carcinogen, which means it is proven to be carcinogenic for humans. The high prevalence worldwide of H. pylori infection and its role in the pathogenesis of gastritis, peptic ulcer, MALTomas and adenocarcinomas make it an important target for DNA vaccination [136]. Although antibiotic therapy is the treatment of choice, resistant strains have recently been identified [137].…”

Section: Vaccines Against Bacterial Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA vaccines for targeting bacterial infections

Ingolotti

Kawalekar

Shedlock

et al. 2010

Expert Review of Vaccines

117

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DNA vaccination has been of great interest since its discovery in the 1990s due to its ability to elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses. DNA vaccines consist of a DNA plasmid containing a transgene that encodes the sequence of a target protein from a pathogen under the control of a eukaryotic promoter. This revolutionary technology has proven to be effective in animal models and four DNA vaccine products have recently been approved for veterinary use. Although few DNA vaccines against bacterial infections have been tested, the results are encouraging. Because of their versatility, safety and simplicity a wider range of organisms can be targeted by these vaccines, which shows their potential advantages to public health. This article describes the mechanism of action of DNA vaccines and their potential use for targeting bacterial infections. In addition, it provides an updated summary of the methods used to enhance immunogenicity from codon optimization and adjuvants to delivery techniques including electroporation and use of nanoparticles.Keywords bacterial vaccine; cellular and humoral immune responses; DNA vaccine; molecular adjuvants Times have changed since Edward Jenner immunized James Phipps against smallpox in 1796 and created what years later became known as a vaccine [1]. From the first live-attenuated or killed vaccines to the era of DNA vaccines in the early 1990s, molecular biology and microbiology have aided medical research in the development of vaccines against infectious diseases, cancer, allergies and autoimmune diseases by inducing rapid and robust immune responses or by creating immune tolerance [2]. From the time of Jenner's first vaccine until the present day, there have been over 60 licensed vaccines in the USA. These vaccines come in many forms: killed microorganisms, live-attenuated microorganisms, subunits, conjugate vaccines or toxoids. Although there are no US FDA-approved DNA vaccines for use in humans, they are the newest vaccine platform currently in development and have already had success in veterinary medicine [3][4][5][6][7][8].© 2010 Expert Reviews Ltd † Author for correspondence: Tel.: +1 215 349 8591, Fax: +1 215 573 9436, dbweiner@mail.med.upenn.edu. Financial & competing interests disclosureThe authors declare possible commercial conflicts, which may include advising, consulting and collaboration, with Wyeth, Inovio, BMS, Virxsys, Ichor, Merck, Althea, Johnson & Johnson and Aldeveron. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptExpert Rev Vaccines. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 May 1. Published in final edited form as:Expert Rev Vaccines. 2010 July ; 9(7): 747-763. doi:10.1586/erv.10.57. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript N...

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“…Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is one of the world's most successful human pathogens, infecting more than 50% of the world population . H. pylori infection can lead to several gastric diseases, such as gastritis, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer . A number of antibiotic‐based therapies have been developed for treatment of H. pylori infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%