Heliotropic leaf movement of Sophora alopecuroides L.: An efficient strategy to optimise photochemical performance

Zhu, Chenchen; Chen, Y. N.; Li, W. H.; Chen, X. L.; He, Guangming

doi:10.1007/s11099-015-0089-2

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…As Darwin (, p. 281) noted, however, ‘ The leaves of some few plants move either upwards or downwards when the sun shines intensely on them, and this movement has sometimes been called diurnal sleep; but we believe it to be of an essentially different nature from the nocturnal movement… ’ Although there is a strong correspondence between the respective occurrences of photo‐induced leaf movements and nyctinasty in plant species, this correspondence is not perfect. Crotolaria semperflorens , Desmodium parviflorum (Pearson, ), Sophora alopecuroides (Zhu et al ., ) and Zornia diphylla (Pearson, ; Rodrigues & Machado, ), for example, undergo photo‐induced but not nyctinastic movements. Conversely, Pycnospora hedysaroides , Atylosia candollei (Pearson, ) and Talinum triangulare (Holdsworth, ) demonstrate nyctinastic but not photo‐induced leaf movements.…”

Section: Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is a strong correspondence between the respective occurrences of photo-induced leaf movements and nyctinasty in plant species, this correspondence is not perfect. Crotolaria semperflorens, Desmodium parviflorum (Pearson, 1899), Sophora alopecuroides (Zhu et al, 2015) and Zornia diphylla (Pearson, 1899;Rodrigues & Machado, 2008), for example, undergo photo-induced but not nyctinastic movements. Conversely, Pycnospora hedysaroides, Atylosia candollei (Pearson, 1899) and Talinum triangulare (Holdsworth, 1959) demonstrate nyctinastic but not photo-induced leaf movements.…”

Section: Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The functions of foliar nyctinasty: a review and hypothesis

Minorsky

2018

Biological Reviews

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Foliar nyctinasty is a plant behaviour characterised by a pronounced daily oscillation in leaf orientation. During the day, the blades of nyctinastic plant leaves (or leaflets) assume a more or less horizontal position that optimises their ability to capture sunlight for photosynthesis. At night, the positions that the leaf blades assume, regardless of whether they arise by rising, falling or twisting, are essentially vertical. Among the ideas put forth to explain the raison d'être of foliar nyctinasty are that it: (i) improves the temperature relations of plants; (ii) helps remove surface water from foliage; (iii) prevents the disruption of photoperiodism by moonlight; and (iv) directly discourages insect herbivory. After discussing these previous hypotheses, a novel tritrophic hypothesis is introduced that proposes that foliar nyctinasty constitutes an indirect plant defence against nocturnal herbivores. It is suggested that the reduction in physical clutter that follows from nocturnal leaf closure may increase the foraging success of many types of animals that prey upon or parasitise herbivores. Predators and parasitoids generally use some combination of visual, auditory or olfactory cues to detect prey. In terrestrial environments, it is hypothesised that the vertical orientation of the blades of nyctinastic plants at night would be especially beneficial to flying nocturnal predators (e.g. bats and owls) and parasitoids whose modus operandi is death from above. The movements of prey beneath a plant with vertically oriented foliage would be visually more obvious to gleaning or swooping predators under nocturnal or crepuscular conditions. Such predators could also detect sounds made by prey better without baffling layers of foliage overhead to damp and disperse the signal. Moreover, any volatiles released by the prey would diffuse more directly to the awaiting olfactory apparatus of the predators or parasitoids. In addition to facilitating the demise of herbivores by carnivores and parasitoids, foliar nyctinasty, much like the enhanced illumination of the full moon, may mitigate feeding by nocturnal herbivores by altering their foraging behaviour. Foliar nyctinasty could also provide a competitive advantage by encouraging herbivores, seeking more cover, to forage on or around non-nyctinastic species. As an added advantage, foliar nyctinasty, by decreasing the temperature between plants through its effects on re-radiation, may slow certain types of ectothermic herbivores making them more vulnerable to predation. Foliar nyctinasty also may not solely be a behavioural adaptation against folivores; by discouraging foraging by granivores, the inclusive fitness of nyctinastic plants may be increased.

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Section: Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The functions of foliar nyctinasty: a review and hypothesis

Minorsky

2018

Biological Reviews

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“…Photosynthesis by itself does not play any direct role in the perception of vectorial excitation of heliotropic movements (Fu and Ehleringer, 1989). Significant correlations between leaf incident angles and leaf A have been reported (Rosa et al, 1991;Raeini-Sarjaz and Chalavi, 2008), helping us to understand why plants can improve their photosynthetic performance with paraheliotropic leaf movements (Bielenberg et al, 2003) that relieve the risk of photoinhibition (Zhu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Gas Exchange Responses and Heliotropic Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily heliotropic movements assist gas exchange and productive responses in DREB1A soybean plants under drought stress in the greenhouse

et al. 2018

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Drought stress is one of the most severe environmental constraints on plant production. Under environmental pressures, complex daily heliotropic adjustments of leaflet angles in soybean can help to reduce transpiration losses by diminishing light interception (paraheliotropism), increase diurnal carbon gain in sparse canopies and reduce carbon gain in dense canopies by solar tracking (diaheliotropism). The plant materials studied were cultivar BR 16 and its genetically engineered isoline P58, ectopically overexpressing AtDREB1A, which is involved in abiotic stress responses. We aimed to follow the movements of central and lateral leaflets in vegetative stages V7-V10 and reproductive stages R4-R5, integrating the reversible morphogenetic changes into an estimate of daily plant photosynthesis using three-dimensional modeling, and to analyze the production parameters of BR 16 and P58. The patterns of daily movements of central leaflets of BR 16 in V7-V10 and R4-R5 were similar, expressing fewer diaheliotropic movements under drought stress than under non-limiting water conditions. Daily heliotropic patterns of lateral leaflets in V7-V10 and R4-R5 showed more diaheliotropic movements in drought-stressed P58 plants than in those grown under non-limiting water conditions. Leaf area in R4-R5 was generally higher in P58 than in BR 16. Drought significantly affected gas exchange and vegetative and reproductive architectural features. DREB1A could be involved in various responses to drought stress. Compared with the parental BR 16, P58 copes with drought through better compensation between diaheliotropic and paraheliotropic movements, finer tuning of water-use efficiency, a lower transpiration rate, higher leaf area and higher pod abortion to accomplish the maximum possible grain production under continued drought conditions.

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“…This indirect coupling dramatically modifies the transmission spectra, and is widely used for optical filtering, buffering, switching, and sensing in photonic crystal structures [2][3][4][5] . For micro/nano disk optical cavities, coupling properties are determined by the spatial distance between the disk and the waveguide during the fabrication process.…”

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confidence: 99%

Indirect coupling between two cavity modes via ferromagnetic resonance

Hyde

Bai

Harder

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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We experimentally realize indirect coupling between two cavity modes via strong coupling with the ferromagnetic resonance in Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG). We find that some indirectly coupled modes of our system can have a higher microwave transmission than the individual uncoupled modes. Using a coupled harmonic oscillator model, the influence of the oscillation phase difference between the two cavity modes on the nature of the indirect coupling is revealed. These indirectly coupled microwave modes can be controlled using an external magnetic field or by tuning the cavity height. This work has potential for use in controllable optical devices and information processing technologies.The indirect coupling of cavity modes via a waveguide has been studied theoretically and experimentally for use in optical information processing 1 . This indirect coupling dramatically modifies the transmission spectra, and is widely used for optical filtering, buffering, switching, and sensing in photonic crystal structures 2-5 . For micro/nano disk optical cavities, coupling properties are determined by the spatial distance between the disk and the waveguide during the fabrication process. Therefore, a tunable coupling between indirectly coupled cavity modes is required for potential applications.Recently, strong coupling between a microwave cavity mode and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) has been realized at room temperature 6-17 . Exchange interactions lock the high density of spins in YIG into a macro-spin state, leading to strong coupling with a cavity mode which can be adjusted using an external magnetic field. Potential applications of this form of strong coupling are currently being explored. For example, indirect coupling between the FMR in two YIG spheres has produced dark magnon modes with potential uses in information storage technologies 18 , and the FMR of YIG has been indirectly coupled with a qubit through a microwave cavity mode 19 . Instead of using a microwave cavity mode to build a bridge between two oscillators, we have used the FMR in YIG to produce indirect coupling between two cavity modes.In this work, we present two cavity modes which indirectly couple via their strong coupling with the FMR in YIG at room temperature. The two cavity modes are labelled h ω1 (ω) and h ω2 (ω) respectively, and are independent of each other when there is no direct coupling between them. Here ω 1 and ω 2 are the uncoupled resonance frequencies of each cavity mode and ω is the input microwave frequency. The two cavity modes can be indirectly coupled with each other when they both individually interact with the FMR in YIG and this indirect coupling can be controlled using an external magnetic field. We found that the microwave transmission properties change dramatically for the coupled modes as the external field is tuned. Our experimental results,

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Heliotropic leaf movement of Sophora alopecuroides L.: An efficient strategy to optimise photochemical performance

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

The functions of foliar nyctinasty: a review and hypothesis

The functions of foliar nyctinasty: a review and hypothesis

Daily heliotropic movements assist gas exchange and productive responses in DREB1A soybean plants under drought stress in the greenhouse

Indirect coupling between two cavity modes via ferromagnetic resonance

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