Helium implantation damage resistance in nanocrystalline W-Ta-V-Cr high entropy alloys

El-Atwani, Osman; Alvarado, Andrew; Unal, Kaan; Fensin, Saryu; Hinks, John; Greaves, Graeme; Baldwin, Jon K.; Maloy, Stuart A.; Martínez, E.

doi:10.1016/j.mtener.2020.100599

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…With regards to He bubble formation, it has been claimed that concentrated alloys have a higher resistance when compared to pure metals and some steels [ 79 , 98 , 99 , 100 ], and this has been attributed to sluggish diffusion of interstitials as highlighted above—if He atoms move through vacancies, then fewer, slower vacancies should improve resistance to He bubble formation, in addition to improving resistance to void swelling. This is somewhat at odds with older investigations that suggest more complex behaviour [ 101 ].…”

Section: The Potential Suitability Of Heas—irradiation Resistant?mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications

Pickering

Carruthers

Barron

et al. 2021

Entropy

195

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The expanded compositional freedom afforded by high-entropy alloys (HEAs) represents a unique opportunity for the design of alloys for advanced nuclear applications, in particular for applications where current engineering alloys fall short. This review assesses the work done to date in the field of HEAs for nuclear applications, provides critical insight into the conclusions drawn, and highlights possibilities and challenges for future study. It is found that our understanding of the irradiation responses of HEAs remains in its infancy, and much work is needed in order for our knowledge of any single HEA system to match our understanding of conventional alloys such as austenitic steels. A number of studies have suggested that HEAs possess ‘special’ irradiation damage resistance, although some of the proposed mechanisms, such as those based on sluggish diffusion and lattice distortion, remain somewhat unconvincing (certainly in terms of being universally applicable to all HEAs). Nevertheless, there may be some mechanisms and effects that are uniquely different in HEAs when compared to more conventional alloys, such as the effect that their poor thermal conductivities have on the displacement cascade. Furthermore, the opportunity to tune the compositions of HEAs over a large range to optimise particular irradiation responses could be very powerful, even if the design process remains challenging.

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Section: The Potential Suitability Of Heas—irradiation Resistant?mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications

Pickering

Carruthers

Barron

et al. 2021

Entropy

195

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“…Combining the two approaches above, the authors have recently developed a refractory low-activation HEA based on W-Ta-Cr-V 22 . Its response to loop formation under ion irradiation 22 and He implantation 23 is enhanced compared to previously developed W-based alloys, showing no noticeable dislocation loop formation and smaller He bubbles with no radiation-induced segregation at grain boundaries upon heavy ion irradiation and He implantation, respectively. However, this quaternary RHEA demonstrated Cr- and V-rich precipitates which could be detrimental to mechanical properties in terms of embrittlement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Others related the high irradiation resistance of HEAs to lattice distortion and sluggish diffusion effects 45 or the difficulty of defect clustering 46 . Using electronic structure calculations as implemented in VASP code, formation, and migration energies of He were computed in the W-Ta-Cr-V system 23 . The He average migration energy was found to be 0.156 eV in the alloy compared to 0.06 to 0.081 eV in pure W and the He formation energy was approximately 2 times lower 47 , 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quinary WTaCrVHf nanocrystalline refractory high-entropy alloy withholding extreme irradiation environments

El-Atwani

Tunes

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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In the quest of new materials that can withstand severe irradiation and mechanical extremes for advanced applications (e.g. fission & fusion reactors, space applications, etc.), design, prediction and control of advanced materials beyond current material designs become paramount. Here, through a combined experimental and simulation methodology, we design a nanocrystalline refractory high entropy alloy (RHEA) system. Compositions assessed under extreme environments and in situ electron-microscopy reveal both high thermal stability and radiation resistance. We observe grain refinement under heavy ion irradiation and resistance to dual-beam irradiation and helium implantation in the form of low defect generation and evolution, as well as no detectable grain growth. The experimental and modeling results—showing a good agreement—can be applied to design and rapidly assess other alloys subjected to extreme environmental conditions.

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“…The second-phase particles are rich in Cr and V, and the precipitation of Cr-rich phases in the grain matrices occurred, as shown in Figure 4m and n. The compositional partitioning between the precipitate and the grain matrix showed in Figure 4o indicating that enrichment of Cr and V and the depletion of W and Ta inside the black spots, implying Cr and V have strong segregation tendency, which is consist with the rate theoretical model as well. More recently, the further study to test the response of the W-based HEA, namely W35%-Ta%35-V15%-Cr15%, upon low energy He implantation was carried on at 1223 K. [75] A uniform distribution of small He bubbles of around 2-3 nm was observed with bubble damage reaching a plateau at high fluences. In particular, no preferential bubble formation was observed on the grain boundaries even at a much higher fluence under which large bubble formation probably occurred in pure nanocrystalline W, suggesting a higher resistance to fuzz formation and softening in the mechanical response of HEA films.…”

Section: Nanocrystalline Metals and Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compositional partitioning between the precipitate and the grain matrix showed in Figure 4o indicating that enrichment of Cr and V and the depletion of W and Ta inside the black spots, implying Cr and V have strong segregation tendency, which is consist with the rate theoretical model as well. More recently, the further study to test the response of the W‐based HEA, namely W35%‐Ta%35‐V15%‐Cr15%, upon low energy He implantation was carried on at 1223 K [75] . A uniform distribution of small He bubbles of around 2–3 nm was observed with bubble damage reaching a plateau at high fluences.…”

Section: Grain Boundaries In Nanocrystalline Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Interfaces in Nanomaterials for Nuclear Radiation Resistance

Jiang

et al. 2022

ChemNanoMat

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Interfaces including grain boundaries and heterophase interfaces could withstand the radiation damage via providing sites for trapping the defects. With the urgent demand for high radiation-tolerance nanostructured materials, exploration of the structural properties, especially the role of the interfaces on the radiation response in the nanomaterials, is of significant essentialness in developing the design of new radiation-resistant materials. Herein, the recent progress and development of two main kinds of interfaces, namely the grain boundaries in nanocrystalline and the hetero-phase interfaces in nanolayered materials and nano-composites, in nanostructured materials that are designed for radiation tolerance are summarized. In addition, the radiation response and resistant mechanism under irradiation conditions of the nanocrystalline materials like metals, single-phase alloys, and ceramics, as well as the nanocomposites like nanolayered metals, nanolayered ceramics, metal-carbon nanocomposite, and nanoparticle dispersed steels, are reviewed. Finally, challenges and perspectives are proposed to offer advice for the development of radiation resistance nanomaterials.

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Helium implantation damage resistance in nanocrystalline W-Ta-V-Cr high entropy alloys

Cited by 30 publications

References 33 publications

High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications

High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications

A quinary WTaCrVHf nanocrystalline refractory high-entropy alloy withholding extreme irradiation environments

Recent Progress on Interfaces in Nanomaterials for Nuclear Radiation Resistance

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