Helminth prevalence among adults in rural Kenya: a stool survey for soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis in Nyanza province

Andereck, Jonathan W.; Kipp, Aaron M.; Ondiek, Michael; Vermund, Sten H.

doi:10.1093/trstmh/tru164

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This result is in agreement with studies carried out in China, Arba Minch, and previous study conducted in Gondar [ 14 , 18 , 22 ]. In contrast to this finding, previous studies carried out in Kenya and China indicated that females were at higher risk of having IPIs than males [ 19 , 23 ]. This variation of exposure among the different sex groups might be due to difference in occupational exposure in different communities.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspected Patients Attending University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Tegegne

Wondmagegn

Worku

et al. 2018

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Introduction Intestinal parasitic infections are among the major public health problems in developing countries. Hence, it is significant to explore coinfection with intestinal parasites and pulmonary tuberculosis because coinfection increases the complexity of control and prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis and parasitic diseases. Objective To assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites among pulmonary tuberculosis suspected patients. Method Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Gondar Hospital from March to May, 2017. Stool samples were taken from each participant and examined by direct microscopy and concentration technique. Descriptive statistics was performed and chi-square test was used to show the association between variables. P values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Intestinal parasites were detected in 50 (19.6%) among a total of 256 pulmonary tuberculosis suspected patients who were included in the study, whereas the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 16.8% (43/256). Pulmonary tuberculosis and intestinal parasite coinfection was detected in 5 (2.0%) of the participants. The most prevalent intestinal parasites infection in this study was Ascaris lumbricoides, 15 (5.85%), followed by Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, 14 (5.46%), and Hookworm, 13 (5.1%). Conclusion The prevalence of intestinal parasites and their coinfection rate with pulmonary tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis suspected patients were considerable.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspected Patients Attending University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Tegegne

Wondmagegn

Worku

et al. 2018

Journal of Parasitology Research

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“…Xin et al from China reported that females are 2.05 times (95% CI = 1.01–4.17) more likely to acquire intestinal parasite infections than males [23]. Females were also at higher risk according to findings in Kenya by Anderek et al [22]. Age and sex were not significantly associated with intestinal helminth infection in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 37%

“…Hook worms were the most frequent helminths in China and Northwest Ethiopia with rates of 4.3% and 11.1% respectively [11, 13]. A stool survey from adult outpatient attendants in Kenya also revealed highest prevalence of hook worms (13.1%) among intestinal helminthes [22]. Variation in the relative distribution of helminth species based on environmental factors might be a reason for such differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal helminth co-infection and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Alemu

Mama

2017

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundHelminths affect the outcome of tuberculosis by shifting cell mediated immune response to humoral and by total suppression of the host immune system. On the reverse, Mycobacterium infection favors immune escape of helminths. Therefore assessing helminth co-infection rate and predisposing factors in tuberculosis patients is mandatory to set strategies for better case management.MethodsFacility based cross-sectional study was conducted in Arba Minch to assess the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal helminths among pulmonary tuberculosis patients from January to August, 2016. A structured questionnaire was used to capture data about socio-demographic characteristics, clinical history and possible risk factors for intestinal helminth infections. Height and weight were measured to calculate body-mass index. Appropriate amount of stool was collected and processed by direct saline and formol-ether concentration techniques following standard protocols. All the data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.ResultsA total of 213 (57.3% male and 42.7% female) pulmonary tuberculosis patients were participated in the study. The overall co-infection rate of intestinal parasites was 26.3%. The infection rate of intestinal helminths account 24.4% and that of intestinal protozoa was 6.1%. Ascaris lumbricoides accounted the highest frequency of 11.3%. Living in rural residence (AOR = 3.175, 95% CI: 1.102–9.153, p = 0.032), Eating vegetables/ fruits without washing or peeling off (AOR = 2.208, 95% CI: 1.030–4.733, p = 0.042) and having body-mass index <18.5 (AOR = 3.511, 95% CI: 1.646–7.489, p = 0.001) were associated with intestinal helminth infection.ConclusionThe infection rate by intestinal helminths was 24.4%. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent helminth. Residence, habit of washing vegetables/fruits before use and body-mass index were associated factors with intestinal helminthiasis. Therefore health care providers should screen and treat TB patients for intestinal helminthiasis in order to ensure good prognosis.

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“…Under certain conditions, these fertilized eggs can live in the environment for several months. Infection occurs through accidental ingestion of eggs or penetration through the skin [16].…”

Section: Fecal-oral Route: Highway For Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combating Open Defecation through Community-led Sanitation

Dandabathula¹,

Bharadwaj²,

Sitiraju³

et al. 2019

DSAHMJ

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This article discusses how the practice of open defecation influences the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN) and accepted by all countries. Unfortunately, the practice of open defecation still exists. Public health is at stake because open defecation enables transmission of infectious diseases via the fecal-oral route. Open defecation could hinder achieving the targets set for sustainable development. Poverty is one of the prime reasons for open defecation and this in turn has negative effects on social outcomes, wellbeing, ecosystems, and the economy. This article highlights the areas in which open defecation could prevent attainment of SDGs, and justifies the recent sanitation interventions by various countries to curb the practice of open defecation.

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Helminth prevalence among adults in rural Kenya: a stool survey for soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis in Nyanza province

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspected Patients Attending University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspected Patients Attending University of Gondar Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Intestinal helminth co-infection and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Combating Open Defecation through Community-led Sanitation

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