Helminthic Diseases in the Abdomen: An Epidemiologic and Radiologic Overview

Ortega, Cinthia D.; Ogawa, Nilson Y.; Rocha, Manoel de Souza; Blasbalg, Roberto; Caiado, Angela Hissae Motoyama; Warmbrand, Gisele; Cerri, Giovanni Guido

doi:10.1148/rg.301095092

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Patients with intact or compromised immunity are affected with similar frequencies [2]. Children and young adults are the most affected group, particularly in regions with limited resources and those in which observation of hygienic measures is lax [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is an abundance of epidemiological data on the diffusion and prevalence of intestinal parasitic diseases in developing areas [2,7,8], but in industrialised countries these infections are rarely reported [9]. The microbiology laboratory of our hospital is receiving an increased number of requests for the analysis of stool specimens for ova and parasites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intestinal parasites isolated in a large teaching hospital, Italy, 1 May 2006 to 31 December 2008

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intestinal parasites account for the majority of parasitic diseases, particularly in endemic areas. Most are transmitted via contaminated food. Because of increased immigration and travel, enteric parasitoses are now distributed worldwide. Between May 2006 and December 2008, we examined stool specimens from 5,351 patients (4,695 Italians, 656 non-Italians) for ova and parasites using microscopy, culture techniques, and molecular methods. Stools from 594 patients (11.1%) were contaminated and for all patients samples combined, a total of 700 intestinal parasites were counted. Ninety of the 594 infected patients had more than one parasite in their stools. Parasites causing intestinal disease occurred in 8.8% of patients. The prevalence was over twice as high among non-Italians (26.8% vs 8.9% in Italians, p<0.001) and higher in males (13.0% vs 9.5% in females, p=0.003). Most isolates were pathogenic protozoa, including in decreasing order of frequency: Blastocystis hominis, Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cyclospora cayetanensis. The latter two species tended to be more common in Italians, although not at significant level (3.6% (15/418) vs 1.7% (3/176) in non-Italians, OR: 2.15; 95%CI: 0. 60-11.70, p=0.22). Helminthes were found in 28 patients, mainly non-Italians (5.7% (10/176) vs 4.3% (18/418), OR: 1.34; p=0.47). Ascaris lumbricoides and Hymenolepis nana were the most common. Strongyloides stercoralis, Enterobius vermicularis, Taenia spp. and Trichuris trichiura were also found. Intestinal parasites are a serious problem in developing countries, but should not be underestimated in industrialised countries.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasites isolated in a large teaching hospital, Italy, 1 May 2006 to 31 December 2008

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The plant has been shown to possess anthelmintic activity [34] and co-existence of laxative effect might be of added value in the expulsion of helminths, as the helminthes are known to promote developing gut disorders such as, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation [35]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species and tissue-specificity of prokinetic, laxative and spasmodic effects of Fumaria parviflora

Rehman

Mehmood

Al‐Rehaily

et al. 2012

BMC Complement Altern Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundFumaria parviflora Linn. (Fumariaceae), is a small branched annual herb found in many parts of the world including Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. This study was designed to provide pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Fumaria parviflora in gut motility disorders.MethodsThe in-vivo prokinetic and laxative assays were conducted in mice. Isolated intestinal preparations (ileum and jejunum) from different animal species (mouse, guinea-pig and rabbit) were separately suspended in tissue baths containing Tyrode's solution bubbled with carbogen and maintained at 37°C. The spasmogenic responses were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with PowerLab data acquisition system.ResultsThe aqueous-methanol extract of Fumaria parviflora (Fp.Cr), which tested positive for the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and anthraquinones showed partially atropine-sensitive prokinetic and laxative activities in the in-vivo in mice at 30 and 100 mg/kg. In the in-vitro studies, Fp.Cr (0.01-1 mg/ml) caused a concentration-dependent atropine-sensitive stimulatory effect both in mouse tissues (jejunum and ileum), and rabbit jejunum but had no effect in rabbit ileum. In guinea-pig tissues (ileum and jejunum), the crude extract showed a concentration-dependent stimulatory effect with higher efficacy in ileum and the effect was partially blocked by atropine, indicating the involvement of more than one types of gut-stimulant components (atropine-sensitive and insensitive). This could be a plausible reason for the greater efficacy of Fp.Cr in gut preparations of guinea-pig than in rabbit or mouse.ConclusionsThis study shows the prokinetic, laxative and spasmodic effects of the plant extract partially mediated through cholinergic pathways with species and tissue-selectivity, and provides a sound rationale for the medicinal use of Fumaria parviflora in gut motility disorders such as, indigestion and constipation. This study also suggests using different species to know better picture of pharmacological profile of the test material.

show abstract

“…Mostly based on drug and vaccine design 11, 46, 47, 51, these strategies focus on inhibiting establishment and reproduction of adult intestinal worms. Although the adult stage of most of these parasites does not cause any severe pathology, with practically asymptomatic clinical manifestations 52, it is now recognized as the main risk factor in the propagation of the disease to natural and accidental intermediate host 10, 11, 46. It is the case for human and porcine cysticercosis by T. solium 10, 46.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progesterone Induces Mucosal Immunity in a Rodent Model of Human Taeniosis by Taenia solium

Escobedo¹,

Camacho‐Arroyo²,

Nava-Luna³

et al. 2011

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More than one quarter of human world's population is exposed to intestinal helminth parasites. The Taenia solium tapeworm carrier is the main risk factor in the transmission of both human neurocysticercosis and porcine cysticercosis. Sex steroids play an important role during T. solium infection, particularly progesterone has been proposed as a key immunomodulatory hormone involved in susceptibility to human taeniosis in woman and cysticercosis in pregnant pigs. Thus, we evaluated the effect of progesterone administration upon the experimental taeniosis in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). Intact female adult hamsters were randomly divided into 3 groups: progesterone-subcutaneously treated; olive oil-treated as the vehicle group; and untreated controls. Animals were treated every other day during 4 weeks. After 2 weeks of treatment, all hamsters were orally infected with 4 viable T. solium cysticerci. After 2 weeks post infection, progesterone-treated hamsters showed reduction in adult worm recovery by 80%, compared to both vehicle-treated and non-manipulated infected animals. In contrast to control and vehicle groups, progesterone treatment diminished tapeworm length by 75% and increased proliferation rate of leukocytes from spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of infected hamsters by 5-fold. The latter exhibited high expression levels of IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-α at the duodenal mucosa, accompanied with polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltration. These results support that progesterone protects hamsters from the T. solium adult tapeworm establishment by improving the intestinal mucosal immunity, suggesting a potential use of analogues of this hormone as novel inductors of the gut immune response against intestinal helminth infections and probably other bowel-related disorders.

show abstract

Helminthic Diseases in the Abdomen: An Epidemiologic and Radiologic Overview

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

Intestinal parasites isolated in a large teaching hospital, Italy, 1 May 2006 to 31 December 2008

Intestinal parasites isolated in a large teaching hospital, Italy, 1 May 2006 to 31 December 2008

Species and tissue-specificity of prokinetic, laxative and spasmodic effects of Fumaria parviflora

Progesterone Induces Mucosal Immunity in a Rodent Model of Human Taeniosis by Taenia solium

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About