“…However, in a substantive, "embedded" economy, in addition to satisfying material (economic) needs, economic activities are always directed towards fulfilling social, protective, welfare, community, etc., functions (Defourny and Nyssens, 2017). On the one hand, by providing local employment and livelihoods, they can reduce outmigration, and on the other hand, some research has shown that they are beneficial for cooperation, joint innovative thinking and creativity (social renewal capacity), local identity and attachment (Csurg o and Megyesi, 2015;Steiner and Teasdale, 2017;Kiss and R acz, 2019;Kiss and R acz, 2022). Borzaga et al (2014) point out that meeting changing social needs encourages social economic actors to continuously grow and develop new products and services by exploiting previously unused resources, which can even appear as a competitive advantage in the Beyond the formal economy market.…”