Hematogenous Macrophages: A New Therapeutic Target for Spinal Cord Injury

Ding, Yuanzhe; Zhang, Di; Wang, Sheng; Zhang, Xiaolei; Yang, Jingquan

doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.767888

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…M2-like macrophages exerted an anti-inflammatory effect and alleviated the pathology of renal injury [ 135 – 137 ], spinal cord injury [ 138 , 139 ] and sepsis-induced acute lung injury [ 140 ]; promoted angiogenesis [ 141 ] and stimulated the healing of pressure and diabetes wounds [ 142 , 143 ]. However, the outcomes of M2 treatment were not fully reproducible (reviewed in [ 144 ]), which, again, was attributed to the functional instability of in vitro polarized macrophages and their return to a neutral or even proinflammatory phenotype in in vivo surrounding [ 145 , 146 ].…”

Section: Developing Macrophage-based Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages derived from pluripotent stem cells: prospective applications and research gaps

Lyadova

Vasiliev

2022

Cell Biosci

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Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a valuable cell source able to give rise to different cell types of the body. Among the various pathways of iPSC differentiation, the differentiation into macrophages is a recently developed and rapidly growing technique. Macrophages play a key role in the control of host homeostasis. Their dysfunction underlies many diseases, including hereditary, infectious, oncological, metabolic and other disorders. Targeting macrophage activity and developing macrophage-based cell therapy represent promising tools for the treatment of many pathological conditions. Macrophages generated from human iPSCs (iMphs) provide great opportunities in these areas. The generation of iMphs is based on a step-wise differentiation of iPSCs into mesoderm, hematopoietic progenitors, myeloid monocyte-like cells and macrophages. The technique allows to obtain standardizable populations of human macrophages from any individual, scale up macrophage production and introduce genetic modifications, which gives significant advantages over the standard source of human macrophages, monocyte-derived macrophages. The spectrum of iMph applications is rapidly growing. iMphs have been successfully used to model hereditary diseases and macrophage-pathogen interactions, as well as to test drugs. iMph use for cell therapy is another promising and rapidly developing area of research. The principles and the details of iMph generation have recently been reviewed. This review systemizes current and prospective iMph applications and discusses the problem of iMph safety and other issues that need to be explored before iMphs become clinically applicable.

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Section: Developing Macrophage-based Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages derived from pluripotent stem cells: prospective applications and research gaps

Lyadova

Vasiliev

2022

Cell Biosci

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“…The pro-inflammatory macrophage/microglia (M1 subsets) and anti-inflammatory macrophage/microglia (M2 subsets) are significant. Therefore, regulating the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages/microglia can affect the inflammatory response process after SCI ( Buzoianu-Anguiano et al, 2021 ; Ding et al, 2021 ; Hashemizadeh et al, 2022 ). Previous studies have shown that acupuncture can ameliorate SCI by regulating M1 and M2 macrophages ( Zhao et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Acupuncture Therapy In Spinal Cord Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism Underlying Acupuncture Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Overview of Preclinical Studies

Jiang¹,

Sun²,

Chen³

2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) results from various pathogenic factors that destroy the normal structure and function of the spinal cord, subsequently causing sensory, motor, and autonomic nerve dysfunction. SCI is one of the most common causes of disability and death globally. It leads to severe physical and mental injury to patients and causes a substantial economic burden on families and the society. The pathological changes and underlying mechanisms within SCI involve oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, etc. As a traditional therapy, acupuncture has a positive effect promoting the recovery of SCI. Acupuncture-induced neuroprotection includes several mechanisms such as reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting the inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis, alleviating glial scar formation, promoting neural stem cell differentiation, and improving microcirculation within the injured area. Therefore, the recent studies exploring the mechanism of acupuncture therapy in SCI will help provide a theoretical basis for applying acupuncture and seeking a better treatment target and acupuncture approach for SCI patients.

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“…Based on their origin, macrophages can be divided into resident microglia and blood-derived macrophages. 25 Microglia originate from the embryonic yolk sac, tissue-retaining cells involved in central nervous system homeostasis. 45 After an SCI, neuroinflammation is mediated primarily by microglia.…”

Section: Spinal Cord Injury (Sci)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 Different macrophage roles in the acute and chronic phases of SCI making macrophages a new target for SCI therapy. 25 In the acute SCI phase, M1-type macrophages with stronger phagocytic and antigen-presenting abilities are the first to polarize. 26 In the chronic phase, M2 macrophages—which promote tissue repair—play a major role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterials delivery strategies to repair spinal cord injury by modulating macrophage phenotypes

et al. 2022

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes tremendous harm to a patient’s physical, mental, and financial health. Moreover, recovery of SCI is affected by many factors, inflammation is one of the most important as it engulfs necrotic tissue and cells during the early stages of injury. However, excessive inflammation is not conducive to damage repair. Macrophages are classified into either blood-derived macrophages or resident microglia based on their origin, their effects on SCI being two-sided. Microglia first activate and recruit blood-derived macrophages at the site of injury—blood-borne macrophages being divided into pro-inflammatory M1 phenotypes and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Among them, M1 macrophages secrete inflammatory factors such as interleukin-β (IL-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) at the injury site, which aggravates SCIs. M2 macrophages secrete IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and neurotrophic factors to inhibit the inflammatory response and inhibit neuronal apoptosis. Consequently, modulating phenotypic differentiation of macrophages appears to be a meaningful therapeutic target for the treatment of SCI. Biomaterials are widely used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to their targeting and bio-histocompatibility. In this review, we describe the effects of biomaterials applied to modulate macrophage phenotypes on SCI recovery and provide an outlook.

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Hematogenous Macrophages: A New Therapeutic Target for Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 14 publications

References 124 publications

Macrophages derived from pluripotent stem cells: prospective applications and research gaps

Macrophages derived from pluripotent stem cells: prospective applications and research gaps

Mechanism Underlying Acupuncture Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Overview of Preclinical Studies

Biomaterials delivery strategies to repair spinal cord injury by modulating macrophage phenotypes

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