Hematological and immunological changes due to short-term oral administration of acephate

Abstract

To evaluate immunotoxicological effects of environmental chemical, subacute toxicity of repeated (28 day) oral administration of acephate (Ace) in BALB/c mice was assessed. Thirty two (sixteen male and sixteen female) mice were divided into four different groups with each group containing eight (four male and four female) mice. Mice of Group C1 were administered normal saline only and served as control. Group T1 was given 1/40th of apparent LD50 (ALD50) (8.78 mg/kg), and group T2 was put on 1/30th of ALD50 [11.7 mg/kg], while group T3 received 1/20th of ALD50 [17.55 mg/kg] of Ace suspended in normal saline. The blood samples were collected from mice after 28 days of oral administration and analyzed for hematological, biochemical, and immunological parameters. The study showed that hematological parameters (monocytes and granulocytes) remained unaffected except total leukocyte count and lymphocyte which were decreased highly significantly [P≤0.01] in mice of group T3 on the 28th day of experiment. Serum total protein (TP) and serum globulin decreased significantly in mice of treatment groups dose dependently; however, no significant change was seen in serum albumin. Progressive increase in live body weight of mice decreased significantly in extremely toxic group only while spleen:body weight ratio decreased significantly in dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Ace produced suppressed humoral immune response and the delayed-type hypersensitivity response to Sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) was altered nonsignificantly. The results of this study describe the suppression of immune responses following exposure to Ace at low concentrations in experimental mice.

Immunotoxic role of organophosphates: An unseen risk escalating SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity

“…Monocrotophos suppresses DTH reaction, lymphocyte count and lymphocyte stimulation in sheep ( Khurana and Chauhan, 2003 ). Low dose oral exposure to acephate can modulate humoral immune response and DTH response to SRBCs in rodents ( Sankhala et al, 2012 ).…”