Hematological effects of etomidate and tricaine in common carp

Witeska, Małgorzata; Teodorczuk, Beata; Ługowska, Katarzyna

doi:10.3906/vet-1603-30

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…6,26 In fact, etomidate prevented the delayed immunosuppressive effect of stress and its use has been recommended when long-term stress prevention is required. 45 While both agents have the same mechanism of action, they are different compounds, which implies some differences in their effects. While etomidate has minimal effects on respiratory function or the cardiovascular system, 46 metomidate can induce respiratory depression and reduce blood circulation.…”

Section: Anaesthetic Agents Used For Research In Adult Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaesthetics and analgesics used in adult fish for research: A review

Martins

Valentim

Pereira³

et al. 2018

Lab Anim

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The number of fish used in research has increased in the last decades. Anaesthesia is required when fish must be held immobile and it is crucial to promote fish welfare, because these vertebrates can show signs of stress and/or pain during handling, transport, tagging, sampling and invasive procedures. The use of an inadequate anaesthetic protocol can compromise not only the welfare of the fish, but also the reliability of the research results. Thus, the development of suitable anaesthetic regimes for each fish species is important. This article reviews the main anaesthetic and analgesic agents used in adult fish in a research setting.

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Section: Anaesthetic Agents Used For Research In Adult Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaesthetics and analgesics used in adult fish for research: A review

Martins

Valentim

Pereira³

et al. 2018

Lab Anim

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“…It has been previously discovered that the increase in lactate level goes back to normal at 4 h post-anesthetic exposure in bonefish ( Albula vulpes ) and Atlantic salmon [ 41 , 44 ]. Many researchers have reported that exposure to high-concentration anesthetics elevated the blood glucose level, indicating the occurrence of stress [ 38 , 41 , 45 , 46 ]. After anesthetic exposure, the hypoxia state in fish may trigger the releasing of catecholamines then stimulate glucose production subsequently [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Tricaine Methanesulfonate (MS-222) in Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer) at Different Temperatures: Study of Optimal Doses, Minimum Effective Concentration, Blood Biochemistry, Immersion Pharmacokinetics, and Tissue Distributions

Hsu,

Rairat,

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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This study was conducted to determine the optimal doses and minimum effective concentrations (MECs) of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) in marketable-size Asian seabass reared at two temperatures (22 and 28 °C). Serum biochemical parameters, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distributions of MS-222 following immersion at the determined optimal doses were also evaluated in order to delineate possible mechanisms dictating the temperature difference. The definition of optimal dose is set as the dose when fish attain stage III anesthesia within 5 min, sustain this stage for 3 min, and re-attain equilibrium within 5 min. The MEC is the fish serum MS-222 concentration when stage III anesthesia is reached. The results showed that water temperature exerted no or minimal impact on the designated parameters. The optimal doses at 22 and 28 °C were 140 and 150 µg/mL, while the MECs were 70.48 and 78.27 µg/mL, respectively. Fish exposed to the optimal doses of MS-222 had significantly elevated blood concentrations of lactate, glucose, calcium, magnesium, and sodium, while the blood pH was significantly decreased. The fish eliminated MS-222 faster at 28 °C than at 22 °C, with serum half-lives of 18.43 and 37.01 h, respectively. Tissue-specific distribution patterns were evident. Irrespective of water temperature, MS-222 peaked at 5 min for the brain and gill but peaked slightly later at 10–20 min for the liver and kidney. Most tissues exhibit a gradual decline of drug concentration except for the gill, which was maintained at a steady level. Muscle is the least perfused tissue with the lowest drug concentration throughout the 90 min period. This study provided physiological and pharmacokinetic evidence contributing to a better understanding of the actions of MS-222 in Asian seabass at different temperatures.

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