Hematology, Plasma Chemistry, and Bacteriology of Wild Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus) in Alaska

Milani, Juliana F.; Wilson, Heather M.; Ziccardi, Michael H.; Lefebvre, Rance B; Scott, Cheryl A.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-48.1.212

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Our results were consistent with data presented by Driver (1981), who demonstrated that some hematological parameters may decrease during and after moulting period compared to values recorded prior to moult. The average Ht values were similar to those reported in mute swans by O’Halloran et al (1988) and by Cousquer and Patterson-Kane (2006), but lower than Ht in trumpeter swan ( C. buccinator ) and tundra swan ( C. columbianus ) (Ritchie et al 1994; Olsen et al 2002; Milani et al 2012). We found statistically significant differences in the hematological values (RBC, Ht, Hb, ERS) between age classes and no sex differences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…However, the performance of the blood test, obtaining enough samples, as well as the interpretation of the results still pose many difficulties in wild birds. The results of blood examination must be related to reference ranges, physiological standards for the certain bird species (Ritchie et al 1994; Olsen et al 2002; Clark et al 2009; Milani et al 2012). The hematological values may be affected by time of day, moulting period, nutrition status, environmental conditions and applied treatment (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hematological values may be affected by time of day, moulting period, nutrition status, environmental conditions and applied treatment (e.g. steroids) (Shave and Howard 1976; Driver 1981; Whittow 1999; Artacho et al 2007a; Artacho et al 2007b; Katavolos et al 2007; Calabuig et al 2010; Milani et al 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite of the hematological reference ranges for swans have been published (O’Halloran et al 1988; Jennings 1996; Olsen et al 2002; Artacho et al 2007b; Milani et al 2012), standards for free-living mute swans are still limited in the literature. In this study, we investigated hematology and serum biochemistry values as well as blood lead level in wild-living mute swans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hematological parameters in relation to age, sex and biochemical values for mute swans (Cygnus olor)

et al. 2014

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The knowledge of the correct morphological and biochemical parameters in mute swans is an important indicator of their health status, body condition, adaptation to habitat and useful diagnostic tools in veterinary practice and ecological research. The aim of the study was to obtain hematological parameters in relation to age, sex and serum biochemistry values in wild-living mute swans. We found the significant differences in the erythrocyte count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in relation to age of mute swans. There were no differences in hematological values between males and females. The leukogram and H/L ratio did not vary by age and sex in swans. Among of biochemical parameters the slightly increased AST, ALP, CK, K, urea, decreased CHOL and TG values were recorded. As far as we know, this is the first study in which the morphometric parameters of blood cells in mute swans were presented. We found extremely low concentration of lead in blood (at subtreshold level). No blood parasites were found in blood smears. The analysis of body mass and biometric parameters revealed a significant differences dependent on age and sex. No differences in the scaled mass index were found. Our results represent a normal hematologic and blood chemistry values and age-sex related changes, as reference values for the mute swan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hematological parameters in relation to age, sex and biochemical values for mute swans (Cygnus olor)

et al. 2014

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“…On the other hand, our parasitological examination did not find any types of blood parasite infection or gastrointestinal parasites. The lymphocyte percentage is 27.8% in swans (Milani et al 2012), 30.79% in eagles, 35% in hawks (Smith & Bush 1978), 43.8% in kestrels (Shen et al 2008), 45.2% in painted stork (Salakij et al 2003), 46% in 12-week-old rock partridges (Donmez & Sur 2008), 53.5% in 14-week-old rock partridges (Keskin et al 2002), 48.6% in male pigeons and 49.3% in female pigeons (Oznurlu et al 2012), 52.9% in young and adult pheasants (Sur et al 2004) and 67% in adult ducks (Donmez & Sur 2007). In this study, it was determined that the Sparrowhawks' peripheral blood lymphocyte rate (40.33%) is lower than those of the winged species stated above.…”

Section: Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme histochemical, histometric and hematological features of peripheral blood cells in SparrowhawkAccipiter nisus(Falconiformes: Accipitridae)

Şengül

Gelen

Kara

et al. 2015

Italian Journal of Zoology

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The aim of this study was to determine the enzyme-histochemical, histometric and hematological features of peripheral blood cells in the Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus). Therefore, blood samples obtained from the wings (brachial vein) of nine Sparrowhawk were used. Red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts, enumeration of leukocyte types, hematocrit (Htc) value and hemoglobin concentration were determined by hemocytometric methods on blood samples. Also, the erythrocyte indices (mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)) were calculated. Histometric analyses were estimated with an image analyzing system. Populations of positive and negative lymphocytes were counted by the alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) staining method. When compared to other bird species, RBC counts were high, WBC counts and percentages of WBC except percentage of eosinophil, and percentage of ANAE-positive lymphocyte were similar, and diameters of RBC and nucleus were smaller. This preliminary study contributes by broadening the hematological research on wild bird species and provides a guideline for identifying blood cells in the Sparrowhawk.

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Appendix I: Clinical Pathology of Common Wildlife Species

Miller¹

2019

Medical Management of Wildlife Species

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Hematology, Plasma Chemistry, and Bacteriology of Wild Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus) in Alaska

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Hematological parameters in relation to age, sex and biochemical values for mute swans (Cygnus olor)

Hematological parameters in relation to age, sex and biochemical values for mute swans (Cygnus olor)

Enzyme histochemical, histometric and hematological features of peripheral blood cells in SparrowhawkAccipiter nisus(Falconiformes: Accipitridae)

Appendix I: Clinical Pathology of Common Wildlife Species

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